1. El Nino and La Nina

2. http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/play er/environment/environment-natural- disasters/landslides-and-more/el-nino.htmlhttp://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/play er/environment/environment-natural- disasters/landslides-and-more/el-nino.html

3. El Nino Causes Trade winds weaken or reverse Warm ocean water moves closer to South America

4. El Nino Effects Weakens or stops the upwelling / animals die Increased rainfall in South America Drought in Australia

5. Upwelling

6. Diagram of El Nino El Nino Explained

7. Normal /Neutral Conditions Trade winds blow to the west Warm ocean water is pushed towards Australia Upwelling occurs Cool and Dry in South America Average rainfall in Australia

8. La Nina Conditions Trade winds blow harder Warm ocean water is pushed further to the west Upwelling increases Very dry in South America Heavy rainfall / flooding in Australia

9. La Nina Diagram Diagram of La Nina Explained

10. QUIZ! Which is which… Normal, El Nino, La Nina?

12. How can we predict an El Nino or La Nina event? Measures...  temperature  currents  winds NOAA drifting buoys

13. TOPEX/Poseidon (T/P) helps predict El Nino and La Nina

14. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uySu7Zv2cb Uhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uySu7Zv2cb U

15. During El Niño, the trade winds weaken in the central and western Pacific. The warm water moves eastward towards South America causing a rise in sea surface temperature. Rainfall follows the warm water eastward, causing flooding in Peru, but drought in Indonesia and Australia in the west. The warm water also reduces upwelling which leads to fewer nutrients in the water. Fewer nutrients mean fewer fish.

16. During La Niña, the trade winds strengthen in the central and western Pacific. The warm water moves further westward towards Australia causing a drop in sea surface temperature. Rain fall moves further from the coast of South America, causing a dry period in this area.