1. Alcohol Alcohol is a drug that is produced by a chemical reaction in fruits, vegetables, and grains – Alcohol is created when grains, fruits, or vegetables are fermented. Fermentation is a process that uses yeast or bacteria to change the sugars in the food into alcohol. Fermentation is used to produce many necessary items — everything from cheese to medications. Alcohol has different forms and can be used as a cleaner, an antiseptic, or a sedative.

2. Alcohol How much alcohol do teens use? –Alcohol is the most frequently used drug by teenagers in the United States. –About half of junior high and senior high school students drink alcohol on a monthly basis, and 14% of teens have been intoxicated at least once in the past year. –Nearly 8% of teens who drink say they drink at least five or more alcoholic drinks in a row (binge drink).

3. Alcohol Alcohol is a depressant Alcohol slows down the functions of the brain

4. Alcohol Alcohol and the individual –Body Size The same amount of alcohol has different effects on people depending on their body size –Gender Alcohol moves through the bloodstream of females faster than males –Time Frame Rapid drinking inhibits the body’s ability to break down the alcohol –Amount Drinking large quantities of alcohol causes levels in the bloodstream to rise, if the levels get too high alcohol poisoning can occur –Food Food in the stomach slows down the passage of alcohol into the bloodstream –Medicine Alcohol can interfere with medication

5. Alcohol Blood Alcohol Concentration –BAC –The amount of alcohol in a person’s bloodstream –One standard drink of alcohol will increase the average person's BAC roughly 0.02% to 0.05% and would return to 0% about 1.5 to 3 hours later –BAC rating of 0.20% represents very serious intoxication (most first-time drinkers would be unconscious by about 0.15%), and 0.35%–0.40% represents potentially fatal alcohol poisoning –The legal limit BAC in Texas is.08

6. Alcohol Intoxication means physically and mentally impaired by the use of alcohol Binge Drinking is the consumption of several alcoholic drinks in a short amount of time

7. Alcohol Body SystemShort Term EffectsLong Term Effects Digestive SystemBreath smells like alcohol Possible bleeding of esophagus Heart & Blood VesselsSweating IncreasesDamage to heart, blood vessels become less flexible Brain & Nervous System Speech is slurred, blurred vision, difficulty walking Brain cells destroyed, hands & feet go numb LiverChanges alcohol to H2O and CO2 Scarring & destruction of liver Stomach & PancreasStomach acids increase leading to nausea & vomiting Ulcers

8. Alcohol Sequence of alcohol affecting the brain is: –Judgment –Inhibitions –Reaction time –Coordination –Vision –Speech –Balance –Walking –Standing –Consciousness –Breathing –Heartbeat –Life

9. Alcohol Alcohol Statistics –Almost half of traffic deaths of people under the age of 25 involve alcohol –¼ of violent crimes committed by teens involve alcohol –Between 1/3 and 2/3 of domestics violence cases involve alcohol –14 million Americans have physical, social, and psychological problems related to alcohol

10. Alcohol Alcoholism is a progressive chronic disease involving mental and physical need for alcohol Psychological Addiction the mind sends the body a message that it needs more and more Physical Addiction the body develops a direct need for the drug

11. Alcohol Stages of Alcoholism: –Person starts using alcohol to relieve stress or relax. Soon the person needs alcohol to cope with daily life. –The person continues to drink and the body develops a need for more and more alcohol. The drinker may be absent from obligations. –The problem becomes clear to other people. Drinking is out of control

12. Alcohol Steps to Recovery –Admit there is a problem –Detox –Counseling –Recovery

13. Alcohol In an average month 9 million teens drink alcohol Among 8 th graders 8 in 1000 drink everyday 1 in 4 families in the US is affected by alcoholism

14. Alcohol Reasons to Refuse Alcohol –It is Illegal –Interferes with activities –Disappoints those around you –Do things you normally wouldn’t do –Harms your health