1. COMPUTER SYSTEM FUNDAMENTAL Copyright @ Genetic Computer School 2008 3-1 INPUT AND OUTPUT DEVICES LESSON 3

2. COMPUTER SYSTEM FUNDAMENTAL Copyright @ Genetic Computer School 2008 3-2 LESSON OVERVIEW  INPUT DEVICES  KEYBOARD ENTRY  DIRECT ENTRY  OTHER HARDWARE COMPONENTS  OUTPUT DEVICES  CMPUTER OUTPUT MICROFILM  SPEECH OUTPUT

3. COMPUTER SYSTEM FUNDAMENTAL Copyright @ Genetic Computer School 2008 3-3 INPUT DEVICES Input devices gather data and convert them into electronic form for use by the computer.  Keyboard Entry  Direct Entry

4. COMPUTER SYSTEM FUNDAMENTAL Copyright @ Genetic Computer School 2008 3-4 KEYBOARD ENTRY  Keyboard The principal method of data entry for entering text and numerical data into a computer.  Cursor Control Keys  Function Keys  Numeric Keys  Special-purpose Keys

5. COMPUTER SYSTEM FUNDAMENTAL Copyright @ Genetic Computer School 2008 3-5 TERMINALS A terminal is a form of input (and output) device that consists of a keyboard, a monitor and a communication link. These devices connect to host computer or server.  Dumb  Intelligent  Smart  Network  Internet

6. COMPUTER SYSTEM FUNDAMENTAL Copyright @ Genetic Computer School 2008 3-6 DIRECT ENTRY  POINTING DEVICES  Mouse  Joy Stick  Track Ball  Touch Pad  Touch Screen  Light Pen  Tablet  Digitizing Tablet  Digitizer  DITITAL CAMERAS  WEBCAMS  DIGITAL VIDEO CAMERAS  DIGITAL NOTEBOOK  SCANNING DEVICES  BIOMETRIC DEVICES  VOICE RECOGNITION SYSTEM

7. COMPUTER SYSTEM FUNDAMENTAL Copyright @ Genetic Computer School 2008 3-7 SOME SPCIAL PURPOSE MOUSE  Biometric Mouse (Fingerprint)  Germ Free Wireless Laser Mouse  UNOTRON ScrollSeal Washable Optical Mouse  Tel-mouse

8. COMPUTER SYSTEM FUNDAMENTAL Copyright @ Genetic Computer School 2008 3-8 SOME SCANNERS AND ASSOCIATED DEVICES  Optical Character Recognition (OCR)  Bar Code Scanner  Charge Coupled Device (CCD)  Laser Scanner  Triggerless Scanner  Wedge  Optical Mark Reader  Magnetic Ink Character Recognition  Image Scanners

9. COMPUTER SYSTEM FUNDAMENTAL Copyright @ Genetic Computer School 2008 3-9 VOICE RECOGNITION SYSTEM  Discrete-speech recognition system  Continuous-speech recognition system

10. COMPUTER SYSTEM FUNDAMENTAL Copyright @ Genetic Computer School 2008 3-10 OTHER HARDWARE COMPONENTS  Case  Card  Sound Cards  Colour Cards  Video Cards  Network Interface Card  Modem

11. COMPUTER SYSTEM FUNDAMENTAL Copyright @ Genetic Computer School 2008 3-11 OUTPUT DEVICES Output devices convert information coming from a computer system into some form perceptible by humans.  Visual  Auditory (non-speech, speech)  Tactile (Tactile output for visually- impaired and blind users e.g., Braille)

12. COMPUTER SYSTEM FUNDAMENTAL Copyright @ Genetic Computer School 2008 3-12 MONITORS  Monitors are the most common output devices for a computer system.  Most desktop computers use a monitor with a cathode tube and most notebooks use a liquid crystal display (LCD) monitor.

13. COMPUTER SYSTEM FUNDAMENTAL Copyright @ Genetic Computer School 2008 3-13 RESOLUTION OF THE MONITOR The greater the number of pixels, the greater the resolution of the monitor screen. The resolution of the screen is basically a measure of the degree of the detail and fineness or graphics displayed.

14. COMPUTER SYSTEM FUNDAMENTAL Copyright @ Genetic Computer School 2008 3-14 MONITORS: THREE MOST COMMOM STANDARDS  VGA Video Graphics Array 16 colors/resolution of 640 by 480.  Super VGA Super Video Graphics Array minimum resolution of800 by 600  XGA Extended Graphic Array resolution of up to 1024 by 768 pixels

15. COMPUTER SYSTEM FUNDAMENTAL Copyright @ Genetic Computer School 2008 3-15 DISPLAY TECHNOLOGY  Cathode Ray Tube, CRT  Liquid Crystal Display, LCD  Organic Light Emitting Diodes, OLEDs  Three Dimension, 3D  Digital Light Processing  Bistable Displays  Field Emission Displays (FED)

16. COMPUTER SYSTEM FUNDAMENTAL Copyright @ Genetic Computer School 2008 3-16 PRINTERS Printers are the most common hardcopy output devices. Classification of printers according to speed  Serial or character printers  Line printers  Page printers Classifying printers according to method of printing  Impact printers  Non-impact printers Classification of printers according to print quality  Draft quality  Near letter quality (NLQ)  Letter quality  Graphic quality

17. COMPUTER SYSTEM FUNDAMENTAL Copyright @ Genetic Computer School 2008 3-17  Liquid Ink-jet Printers  Dye Sublimation Printers  Solid Ink-jet Printers  Thermal Wax Printers  Color Laser Printers PRINTERS (CONT:)

18. COMPUTER SYSTEM FUNDAMENTAL Copyright @ Genetic Computer School 2008 3-18 SPECIAL PURPOSE PRINTERS  Kodak Picture Makers  Thermo Autochrome  Snapshot Printers  Fujix Pictrography Printers  Film Recorders  Daisywheel Printers  Dot Matrix Printers  Drum Printers  Chain and Band Printers  Electrostatic Printers

19. COMPUTER SYSTEM FUNDAMENTAL Copyright @ Genetic Computer School 2008 3-19 PLOTTER  Hard Copy Plotter  Drum plotters  Flatbed plotters  Electrostatic plotter  Pen plotters  Ink-jet plotters  Direct-imaging plotters  Specialised photo-plotters

20. COMPUTER SYSTEM FUNDAMENTAL Copyright @ Genetic Computer School 2008 3-20 COMPUTER OUTPUT MICROFILM, COM It is a process for copying/printing data from electronic media located on PC’s, mini or mainframe computers onto microfilm. It consists of a high-speed recorder, which transfers digital data onto microfilm using laser technology, and a processor, which develops the microfilm once exposed to the light source. The recorder can operate "on" or "off-line," meaning that it can be connected to a single computer, a local or wide area network, a minicomputer, or a mainframe computer, or it can operate independently as a stand-alone device that reads digital data from formatted magnetic media, such as a tape.

21. COMPUTER SYSTEM FUNDAMENTAL Copyright @ Genetic Computer School 2008 3-21 THE BENEFITS OF COM  Reduction of paper  Cost reduction  Connectivity  Improved quality  Improved service  Electronic record retention/archiving

22. COMPUTER SYSTEM FUNDAMENTAL Copyright @ Genetic Computer School 2008 3-22 DISADVANTAGE OF COM  It is a very high cost of system.  Justifiable only if amount of output produced is very large.  The information recorded on film cannot be changed easily.

23. COMPUTER SYSTEM FUNDAMENTAL Copyright @ Genetic Computer School 2008 3-23 Speech Output It is also known as audio response, audio output, voice response, voice output and voice answer-back. It is a comparatively little used method of outputting information and instructions from a computer.

24. COMPUTER SYSTEM FUNDAMENTAL Copyright @ Genetic Computer School 2008 3-24 Haptic Devices They are mechanical devices that mediate communication between the user and the computer. They allow users to touch, feel and manipulate three-dimensional objects in virtual environments and tele-operated systems.

25. COMPUTER SYSTEM FUNDAMENTAL Copyright @ Genetic Computer School 2008 3-25 TWO MAIN TYPES OF HAPTIC DEVICES  Glove or Pen-type devices that allow the user to "touch" and manipulate 3- dementional virtual objects.  Devices that allow users to "feel" textures of 2-dementional objects with a pen or mouse-type interface.