2. CHAPTER Images shutterstock.com 9 Kitchen Utensils

3. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Objectives Identify various small kitchen utensils and discuss their functions. Explain how to select and care for cooking and baking utensils. Demonstrate the use of various pieces of small kitchen equipment, cookware, and bakeware.

4. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Small Equipment Before buying small equipment, consider –types and frequency of kitchen tasks performed –equipment design and operation –quality of materials –construction of handles –choose tools that best meet needs and budget © Veniamin Kraskov/Shutterstock

5. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Measuring Tools © Elena Elisseeva/Shutterstock Used to provide accurate amounts of ingredients Failing to measure ingredients correctly can result in poor quality food products Include liquid measures, dry measures, measuring spoons, and kitchen scales

6. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Measuring Tools Liquid Measurers made of glass or clear plastic use them to measure liquid ingredients should have handle, pouring lip, and clearly marked measurements Dry Measurers made of metal or plastic used to measure dry ingredients like sugar and flour and solid ingredients like peanut butter 6

7. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Measuring Tools Dry Measurers Cont. commonly sold in sets of 1/4 cup, 1/3 cup, 1/2 cup and 1 cup Measuring Spoons made of metal or plastic use to measure small amounts of liquid or dry ingredients commonly sold in sets of 1/4 teaspoon, 1/2 teaspoon, 1 teaspoon, and 1 tablespoon Kitchen Scales used in professional kitchens for a more precise measurement Balance, mechanical, and digital 7

8. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Mixing Tools Used for combining ingredients Include wooden, slotted, and heavy- metal spoons; rotary beaters; and whisks © Foodpictures/Shutterstock

9. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Mixing Tools Wooden spoons available in many sizes and shapes will not scratch pan surfaces handles remain cool Slotted Spoon used to remove pieces of food from liquid Heavy Metal Spoons stir thick mixtures 9

10. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Mixing Tools Rotary Beater used to beat, blend, and incorporate air into foods Whisk made of loops of wire attached to a handle used to incorporate air into foods prevent lumps from forming 10

11. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Baking Tools Used to prepare breads, cakes, cookies, and pies, which will be cooked in an oven Include sifters; pastry blenders; pastry brushes; pastry cloths; rolling pins; stockinettes; and bent-edged, straight- edged, and flexible (rubber) spatulas

12. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Baking Tools Pastry Blender made of several thin, curved pieces of metal attached to a handle use to blend shortening (fat) with flour can also be used to blend butter and cheese mixtures Pastry Brushes brush butter or sauces on foods remove crumbs from cake before frosting baste foods in the oven (must be heat resistent if used in oven)

13. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Baking Tools Rolling Pin, Pastry Cloth, and Stockinette are used when rolling dough or pastry. place dough on the pastry cloth and roll it with the rolling pin. the cloth keeps the dough from sticking to the counter the stockinette covers the rolling pin and prevents dough from sticking to the rolling pin

14. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Baking Tools Spatulas are made of plastic or metal and come in various widths and lengths bent-edged spatulas - used to remove cookies from baking tray, turn meats, fish, pancakes, eggs, omelets, etc. straight-edge spatula - spread cake icings and meringues and level ingredients measured in dry measuring cups flexible spatula - scrape bowls and fold ingredients.

15. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Thermometers Used to measure the temperature of foods and appliances Include oven-safe, instant-read, candy, and deep-fat thermometers for foods as well as refrigerator-freezer and oven thermometers for appliances

16. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Cutting Tools Used to divide foods into parts Include kitchen and poultry shears, peelers, shredder-graters, cutting boards, and knives © Monkey Business Images/Shutterstock.com continued

17. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Cutting Tools Knives –May have smooth or serrated blades –For safety, the tang should extend well into the handle and be secured with at least two rivets –Popular knives include the chef’s knife, paring knife, bread knife, boning knife, and utility knife

18. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Cutting Tools Knife blades are made of carbon steel, stainless steel, and ceramic. Carbon steel - easy to sharpen because it is soft, will stain and rust easily unless the knife is washed and dried soon after each use Stainless steel - is durable and will not rust but is hard to sharpen Ceramic blades - very hard and will hold a sharp edge for a long time, excellent for slicing, are not flexible and can chip and break with misuse

19. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Other Preparation Tools Used for a variety of food preparation tasks Include tongs, kitchen forks, ladles, basters, colanders, strainers, and can openers © Robert Adrian Hillman/Shutterstock © Mark Herreid/Shutterstock © mareandmare/Shutterstock

20. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Other Preparation Tools Tongs - usually made of metal, used for turning meats and fried food, handling foods like corn on the cob, hard-cooked eggs, and baked potatoes Kitchen Forks - made of heavy-duty metal, used to transfer heavy meats and poultry and turn heavy foods Ladles - used for dipping and pouring, serving punches, soups, sauces, and gravies

21. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Other Preparation Tools Baster - used to collect juices from meat and poultry for basting (covering foods with liquid) Colanders - used to drain fruits, vegetables, and pasta, should have heat proof handles Strainers - use to separate liquid and solid foods Can Openers - remove tops from cans

22. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. In Your Opinion… How would the types of utensils available affect a person’s satisfaction and success with food preparation tasks? © ruzanna/Shutterstock

23. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Cooking and Baking Utensils When buying cooking and baking utensils, consider –performance of materials and finishes –construction, including handles and lids –weight and durability –storage

24. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Cookware and Bakeware Materials All cookware and bakeware materials have certain disadvantages –Metal materials may pose such concerns as rusting and pitting –Glass and ceramic materials, including porcelain enamel coatings, may crack, chip, and break continued

25. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Cookware and Bakeware Materials –Silicone and plastic materials are not suitable for broiler or rangetop use –Nonstick finishes ease cooking and cleanup –Microwavable materials must allow microwaves to pass through to the food © c./Shutterstock

26. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Cooking Utensils Used for cooking foods in water or other liquids over direct surface heat Include saucepans, pots, double boilers, pressure saucepans, skillets, griddles, and omelet pans

27. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Baking Utensils Used for foods cooked in a conventional or microwave oven Include cookie sheets; cake, angel food, jelly roll, pizza, muffin, loaf, and springform pans; and pie plates Also include casseroles and roasting pans Utensil shape can affect evenness of cooking in a microwave oven

28. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Think Further How does the outer surface of bakeware affect foods prepared in the bakeware? Think Further © Michael C. Gray/Shutterstock

29. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Use and Care of Cooking and Baking Utensils To maintain cooking and baking utensils, follow manufacturer’s directions for use and cleaning © Julija Sapic/Shutterstock

30. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. 1.Name three measuring tools. (Name three:) liquid measures, dry measures, measuring spoons, kitchen scales Review

31. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. 2.What is the function of baking tools? they are used to prepare breads, cakes, cookies, and pies, which will be cooked in an oven Review

32. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. 3.What is a disadvantage of glass and ceramic cookware and bakeware materials? they may crack, chip, and break Review

33. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. 4.What can affect evenness of cooking in a microwave oven? utensil shape Review