1. E.Q. How do I use verbals in my writing? K.Q.: How do I correctly use gerunds and gerund phrases in my writing? (p. 529 – 530)

2. Warm-Up: Record the following sentences on your paper. Circle the subjects of these sentences. 1.Dancing is the love of Elisabeth’s life. 2.Playing chess is Jonathan’s favorite pastime.

3. Gerunds and Gerund Phrases What is a present participle? How are they used? A gerund is a verb form that ends in –ing and is used as a noun. A) The playing field is one hundred yards long. (Underline the present participle in this sentence.) B) Playing is our favorite activity. (Circle the gerund in this sentence.) Comment on the difference between these two words. How are they the same? How are they different? (hint: Use their parts of speech in your response.)

4. Like other nouns, a gerund can serve as the simple subject of a sentence. It can also be a direct object (of a verb) or the object of a preposition. C) Blocking requires strength. () D) The athletes enjoy exercising. () E)They maintain endurance by running. ()

5. Gerunds and Gerund Phrases A gerund phrase is a group of words that includes a gerund and other words that complete its meaning. F) Kicking the ball takes skill. (Underline the gerund phrase. How is it being used?) G)A team tries scoring a touchdown. (Underline the gerund phrase. How is it being used?) H)A touchdown results from moving the ball across the goal. (Underline the gerund phrase. How is it being used?)

6. Gerunds and Gerund Phrases You can identify the three functions or –ing verb forms if you remember that a present participle can serve as a verb, as an adjective, or as a noun, in which case it is called a gerund.. I)The Giants are winning the game. (Participle or Gerund? How is it used?) J)The winning team scores the most points. (Participle or Gerund? How is it used?) K)Winning is always exciting. (Participle or Gerund? How is it used?)

7. What is the difference between a gerund and a gerund phrase?: Example Sentence of object of preposition (Underlined): Example Sentence Of direct object (Underlined): Example Sentence of subject (Underlined): Gerunds and Gerund Phrases

8. What is the difference between a gerund and a gerund phrase?: Example Sentence of object of preposition (Underlined): Example Sentence Of direct object (Underlined): Example Sentence of subject (Underlined): Gerunds and Gerund Phrases A gerund is a verb ending in – ing that is used as a noun (subject, direct object, or object of a preposition. A gerund phrase includes the gerund and other words to complete a phrase and acts as a gerund. Teaching requires a lot of patience and education. Many kids enjoy learning new skills. I gain intelligence and experience from learning something new every day.

10. For 11-20, write each gerund or gerund phrase. Then, write subject, direct object, or object of a preposition to show how it is used in the sentence. **One of the sentences includes two gerund or gerund phrases. You must include complete answers for both to earn credit.

11. 11.Watching football on television (subject) 12.scoring a touchdown (object of preposition) 13.Enforcing the rules (subject) 14.passing the ball toward the goal line (object of the preposition) 15.Playing well (subject) 16.slipping (direct object) 17.good coaching (object of preposition) 18.deciding which positions team members will play and what plays will be used (direct object) 19.preparing the game plan (object of preposition) 20.Kicking off (subject); flipping a coin (object of preposition)

12. Extending/Refining Each of the following sentences contains one or more errors. Find the errors and correct the sentences. Write each sentence as it appears and use proofreading marks to show your corrections. Then, rewrite the sentences using your corrections in a final draft version. 1.We got 20 sentences for class work in room three twelve, and all but 2 contained gerunds. 2.12 students found all the gerunds, and I was the 3 rd to do so.

13. Extending/Refining 1.We got 20 sentences for class work in room three twelve, and all but 2 contained gerunds. 2.12 students found all the gerunds, and I was the 3 rd to do so. Corrected 1.We got twenty sentences for class work in room 312, and all but two contained gerunds. 2.Twelve students found all the gerunds, and I was the third to do so.

14. Extending/Refining Imagine that you are a sports caster and write a paragraph about a sporting event. Use at least one gerund and one gerund phrase.