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existed around 2000-612 BCE lived in northern Mesopotamia on the Tigris River middle bronze age Assyria
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Consisted of city-states and Semetic kingdoms Shamshi-Adad I was the monarch after he captured the city of Ashur Ashur was the base city from which Assyria was born
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Most of the empire’s expansion occurred in this time period under Tukulti- Ninurta I The Assyrian law code was created, giving women less rights Middle Assyrian Period
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Assyrians had good farming systems with irrigation had large cities for trade few slaves, but didn’t play big part in the economy made iron Economics
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Monarchs: -Tiglat-Pileser(1116-1090 BCE)-extended authority to Syria and Armenia -Ashurnasirpal II (883-859 BCE)-conquered Mesopotamia and modern day Lebanon -Shalmaneser III (858-824 BCE)-conquered all of Syria, Palestine, Armenia, Babylon, and Southern Mesopotamia Individuals
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literature was one of their finest achievements first used cuneiform, later used Aramaic writing wrote down medicine, legal issues, and history had sculptures and wall carvings Culture
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battering ram excavation concepts of engineering made chariots popular worked with metals like bronze and iron Technology
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had good weapons and a well trained army conquered many cities and made them pay tribute army consisted of foot soldiers, chariots, archers, and cavalry weapons made of iron Warfare
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Their art depicted battle scenes and destruction of the cities they conquered Their sculptures were used to guard the king’s court Art
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In 612 BCE the Chaldeans captured the capital city of Nineveh The empire fell without the control of Nineveh Fall of the Assyrian Empire
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Located in North Mesopotamia Expands over 4 countries (Turkey, Iran, Syria, & Iraq) Goes to Euphrates Tigris runs through it The Taurus and Zagros Mts. To the north and east Southern limestone plateau
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Rich and fertile land The Arbel and Nineveh plain make up the middle of Assyria
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Wrote on clay tablets in cuneiform Spoke Akkadian 750 BC they started using papyrus paper Aramaic was the 2 nd official language
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Monotheist’s Ashurism was the first religion (until 256 AD) 1 st to accept Christianity
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1 st Golden Age 1 st Dark Age
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2400 BC to 612 BC Fruitful time Sargon of Akkad was the 1 st ruler Ended with the tragic fall of Nineveh 3 major cities: Ashur, Nineveh, Arbel Successful warriors One of the 1 st empires
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612 BC – 33 AD Empire collapsed in 612 Employed by Persians as troops Failed attempt to reestablish in 350 BC Persians killed 400 of the Assyrian leaders
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Kings were in charge of everything except religion Kings oldest son handled administrative affairs. Some low taxes and freedom to choose to not join the military.
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150,000-200,000 men First to use large Calvary squadrons Had 3000 horses a month for use in battle Had the most modern equipment Consisted: helmet, body armor, boots, and backpacks
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Weapons: composite bows, ands swords Protection: helmet, body armor, shields. Shields were so strong they could withstand a firearm up to Napoleons time. Bows were not matched until the Prussian needle gun in 1871
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Kings and his advisors lived in luxury Followed Hammurabi’s code Citizens spent time working in their farms
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People became slaves one of two ways: prisoner of war, owed debt. Mostly people who owed debt. Slaves worked for wages.
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Family was extremely important. Men wore skirts to show their significance (long=important, short=not). Marriages were monogamous. 1 st son received largest inheritance.
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Assyria was a beautiful and fertile land. The people were to unsettled to be peaceful Big on military and family. Assyria was one of the most successful empires in the ancient world.
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The Assyrians were people who lived in northern Mesopotamia.
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The Assyrian empire began as the small city of Ashur, located in Northern Mesopotamia. Slowly, they began to grow into an empire.
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Nineveh was the capital city of the Assyrian empire. It was located on the bank of the Tigris river, at a very important trading spot.
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Assyria covered modern day Turkey, Iraq, Syria and Iran. The Tigris and Euphrates rivers run through the land, creating fertile soil.
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The main religion that they practiced was Ashurism. They practiced this until they eventually adopted Christianity in 33 C.E.
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The Assyrians wrote on clay tablets using a style of writing called Cuneiform. More recently, they used modern ways of writing, such as parchment or leather.
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Some famous leaders were- Sargon of Akkad Ashur-uballit
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In the 24 th and 23 rd centuries B.C.E., Sargon led the Assyrian empire on a conquering rampage. He is known as one of the first people to record a multi- ethnic empire ruled by one government.
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Ashur-uballit ruled the Assyrians from 1365-1330 B.C.E. He began the Assyrians reign of power.
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The Assyrians were known for their beautifully crafted stone sculptures. The most famous sculpture is the Bull-Man, Lamassu.
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They made great advances in building. One of their most useful accomplishments was heating bricks to harden them, and make them sturdier.
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They were conquered by Babylon who was under the rule of Hammurabi. Eventually, they regained power.
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The Assyrians were a powerful empire. Under the rule of Sargon of Akkad, they conquered anybody who stood in their way. They advanced things such as building and sculpting.
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Assyrians#Old_ Assyrian_city-states_and_kingdoms http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Assyrians#Old_ Assyrian_city-states_and_kingdoms http://www.aina.org/aol/peter/brief.htm http://www.aina.org/aol/peter/brief.htm http://wsu.edu/~dee/MESO/ASSYRIA.HTM http://wsu.edu/~dee/MESO/ASSYRIA.HTM http://www.historyforkids.org/learn/westasia/history/ assyrians.htm http://www.historyforkids.org/learn/westasia/history/ assyrians.htm Bibliography
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www. aina.org/aol/peter/brief.htm#Geography http://www.bible-history.com/assyrian-social- structure/index.html World Book Encyclopedia A-1 pg. 822-823 Joshua Williams Jake lindee Sam Jones Landon Johnson
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