1. Framework for Literacy Development

2. 3 Stages of Literacy Development Emergent Beginning Instructional

3. The Emergent Stage Reading Cannot segment the speech stream Cannot match speech to print Focuses on illustrations when “reading” Can recognize environmental print in context Focuses on initial sounds first then initial and final sounds as they transition out of the stage Writing Uses drawings to express ideas Cannot consistently read his/her own writing Writing does not represent sounds until the end of the stage (salient sounds) and does not correspond to word boundaries Spelling Has incomplete knowledge of the alphabet; does not understand the letter/sound connection

4. Match Between Spelling and Reading No directionality Left to right Points to letters Points to words--stress Points to words--syllables Self-corrects Random Letters Initial Consonant Initial & Final (Semiphonetic) Spell by Letter Name Scribbles Letter-Like

8. The Beginning Stage Reading –Has a concept of word (focus turns to initial, final, and medial) –Reads aloud to themselves –Finger points –Reads word X word –Uses context & pictures to help –Is acquiring a sight word vocabulary Writing –Disfluent when writing –Is acquiring a sight word vocabulary Spelling –Spells words by letter names –Spells with initial and final at the beginning and then begins to represent medial vowels (even if not correct) Learning to read

10. The Instructional Stage Reading –Reads silently –Approaching fluency in oral and silent reading –Sight vocabulary expands –More focused on the meaning of what they read Writing –Writes more fluently; longer pieces; more interested in dialogue and punctuation –More focused on the meaning of what they write Spelling –Working with vowel patterns in single syllable words while spelling; begins to mark long vowels Reading to learn

12. Comprehensive Literacy Instruction for... Emergent Beginning Instructional

13. Copyright 2005-2007 by the Rector and Visitors of the University of Virginia.