1. KINGDOMS OF AFRICA Dr. Afxendiou AP World History 9 Sachem North High School

2. Kush - region of Nubia ~6,000 years ago - (Sudan) Axum - (Ethiopia) 500 BCE. Became first Christian kingdom Both rich kingdoms, engaged in trade with north Africa and the Indian Ocean EARLY KINGDOMS

3. WEST AFRICAN KINGDOMS Appear around 400AD Around Niger River Based on long distance trade Gold and Salt trade across the Sahara Desert

4. WEST AFRICAN KINGDOMS Kingdom of Ghana 400 – 1200 Iron and Gold Traded its gold for salt from northern Africa Berbers – the traders; used camels for transport of goods Innovation: the camel saddle

5. WEST AFRICAN KINGDOMS Kingdom of Mali – 1250 to 1450 rich in gold continue gold and salt trade with northern Africa Sundiata-conquered the great Ghana empire in 1240 AD Mansa Musa – ‘king Musa’ - Muslim king- ruled during the Golden Age of Mali Timbuktu - important city in the trans-Saharan trade; also the center of Islamic scholarship.

7. WEST AFRICAN KINGDOMS Kingdom of Songhai-1460 to 1600 Still engaged in the gold and salt trade Dominated all of west African trade

9. SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA Most peoples descendants of Bantu people Ironworking Common language roots

10. EAST AFRICA Great Zimbabwe – city established by Bantu descendants; dominated coastal trade routes Part of Indian Ocean trade system 7 th century influx of Muslims from Arabia to East Africa, especially port cities Swahili culture – mix of African and Arabic culture Swahili language – Bantu based language of East Africa combined with Arabic. Official language of Kenya and Tanzania Other East African cities become established by Muslims along the East African coast

12. BIBLIOGRAPHY: Stearns et. al. Textbook African Kingdoms, http://www.authorstream.com/Presentation/mlstuart1- 266000-REG-WH-LESSON-9-African-09-Kingdoms-Islamic-Civilization- Entertainment-ppt-powerpoint/http://www.authorstream.com/Presentation/mlstuart1- 266000-REG-WH-LESSON-9-African-09-Kingdoms-Islamic-Civilization- Entertainment-ppt-powerpoint/