1. CERN AWAKE Project Status

2. Outline Introduction Project organization West Area and CNGS AWAKE facility studies Required input from the Collaboration Summary 2E. Gschwendtner, AWAKE Collaboration Meeting, CERN, 18/10/2012

3. Introduction June 2012:  Official CERN AWAKE project (including project-budget) with mandate sent by S. Myers to CERN departments.  organize CERN efforts to produce parts of CDR under CERN responsibility CDR includes detailed budget, CERN manpower and schedule plans for design, construction, installation and commissioning. Deliverables: End 2012:  preliminary report summarizing the ongoing study to the A&T sector Management Q1 2013:  Conceptual Design Report to the A&T sector Management and the SPSC. CERN AWAKE project:  Work-package leaders and contents have been defined  Experts from technical groups defined and discussions/iteration in WPs are ongoing E. Gschwendtner, AWAKE Collaboration Meeting, CERN, 18/10/20123

4. Mandate of CERN AWAKE Project Identify the best site for installation of the facility on the SPS by carrying out a study covering: – The design of the proton beam-line from the SPS to the entry point of the plasma cell, to meet the required parameters. – The design of the downstream beam-line from the plasma cell to the beam dump. – The design the common beam-line for the proton, electron and laser light beam at the entry into the plasma cell. Specification of the parameters for these incoming beams. – The design of the experimental area (envelope) considering layout optimization of all components in the area. – The study of access possibilities and assess radiation and safety aspects. – The study of the general infrastructures (Civil Engineering, Access, CV, EL, transport, handling, control). – The physics program that could be carried out on each site. – The comparison of the cost and of the schedule of the alternative sites. Based on the study, recommend a site for the facility and deliver the chapters, covering the beam line, the experimental area and all interfaces and services at CERN, in the conceptual design report (CDR) of the AWAKE CERN facility. The CDR should include the points mentioned in the section above plus the following information: – Specification of the baseline beam parameters to be used for the design. – Predictions of measurable quantities in the diagnostic instrumentation. – Specification of diagnostic instrumentation in the experimental area. – Design and interface with the electron beam up to the plasma cell. – Study all interfaces between the different systems (plasma cell, electron beam, proton beam, laser…) – Evaluation of time scale and costs of all items at a level needed for the CDR. – Evaluate dismantling feasibility and cost. E. Gschwendtner, AWAKE Collaboration Meeting, CERN, 18/10/20124

5. CERN AWAKE Project Structure Radiation Protection: Helmut Vincke Civil Engineering: John Osborne General Safety and Environment: Andre Jorge Henriques General Services: CV, EL, access, storage, handling WP3: Primary beam-lines Chiara Bracco CERN AWAKE Project Project leader: Edda Gschwendtner Deputy: Chiara Bracco WP4: Experimental Area Edda Gschwendtner WP2: SPS beam Elena Chapochnikova WP1: Project Management Edda Gschwendtner E. Gschwendtner, AWAKE Collaboration Meeting, CERN, 18/10/20125 A& T sector management: Engineering, Beams, Technology Departments Injectors and Experimental Facilities Committee (IEFC)

6. CERN AWAKE Project Organization  INDICO: https://indico.cern.ch/categoryDisplay.py?categId=4278 E. Gschwendtner, AWAKE Collaboration Meeting, CERN, 18/10/20126  Weekly (CERN project mgt team)  monthly  bi-weekly (Collaboration board) CERN Work-package meetings  Organized by WP leader  EDMS: https://edms.cern.ch/nav/P:CERN-0000094988:V0/P:CERN-0000094988:V0  Whenever needed

7. Proton Beam Specifications E. Gschwendtner, AWAKE Collaboration Meeting, CERN, 18/10/20127 ParameterNominal Beam Energy450 GeV Bunch intensity3×10 11 p Number of bunches1 Repetition rate0.03 Hz Transverse norm. emittance 3.3-3.5  m Transverse beam size (at b*=5m) 0.2 mm Angle accuracy<0.05 mrad Pointing accuracy<0.5 mm Energy spread0.34% (rms) Bunch length12 cm Energy in bunch21 kJ ParameterNominal Number of run-periods/year4 Length of run-period2 weeks Total number of beam shots/year (100% efficiency) 162000 Total number of protons/year4.86×10 16 p

8. Beam Specifications E. Gschwendtner, AWAKE Collaboration Meeting, CERN, 18/10/20128 ParameterValue Beam Energy5 or 10 or 20 MeV Bunch intensity10 8 electrons Bunch length0.165mm<l<1mm Repetition rate0.03 Hz Transverse norm. emittance < 25 mm mrad Transverse beam size (at beta*=?m) ?? Angle(mrad)~5-20 mrad Electron beam specifications Laser: 30fs, 800nm, ~TW. R & D facility:  frequent access to plasma cell, laser, etc… needed.

9. Experimental Layout E. Gschwendtner, AWAKE Collaboration Meeting, CERN, 18/10/20129 Plasma-cell Proton beam dump RF gun Laser dump OTR Streak camera CTR EO diagnostic e - spectrometer e-e- SPS protons ~3m 10m 15m? 20m 10m? 10m

10. E. Gschwendtner, AWAKE Collaboration Meeting, CERN, 18/10/201210 West Area CNGS SPS

11. Facility Site I: West Area E. Gschwendtner, AWAKE Collaboration Meeting, CERN, 18/10/201211 TT61 TT4 TT5 Beam from TCC6 - SPS AWAKE 183 Proposed in LOI, 2011 West Area today: Proton beam line TT61: ~empty TT4 and TT5: storage area for (radioactive) magnets  Needed during LS1! Until 2004: West Area used as experimental beam facility.

12. Facility Site II: CNGS E. Gschwendtner, AWAKE Collaboration Meeting, CERN, 18/10/201212 CNGS Parameters Proton beam energy from SPS400 GeV/c Cycle repetition rate0.17 Hz Number of extractions/cycle2 Protons per cycle2x2.4E13 Proton pulse length 10.5  s Beam power (max.)510 kW Beam size at target (  0.5mm

13. CNGS Today 43.4m 100m 1095m18m5m 67m 2.7m TBID p + C  (interactions)   , K +  (decay in flight)       Approved for 22.5·10 19 protons on target  Expect ~10  events in OPERA  today: 17.3·10 19 pot, by end of 2012: ~18.3·10 19 pot Since 2008: running facility: muon neutrino production in order to measure appearance of tau-neutrinos in Gran Sasso experiments.  Proton beam and secondary beam-line fully equipped and running  All services (CV, EL,…) running AWAKE E. Gschwendtner, AWAKE Collaboration Meeting, CERN, 18/10/201213

14. E. Gschwendtner, AWAKE Collaboration Meeting, CERN, 18/10/201214 List of issues we currently study for facility evaluation: – Radiation protection – Civil engineering – Proton beam-line – Layout and integration – Dump – Electricity – Access – Cooling & Ventilation – Storage & handling – Safety – …

15. Plasma Cell Dump 2° Radiation Protection Studies and Consequences E. Gschwendtner, AWAKE Collaboration Meeting, CERN, 18/10/201215 Make sure that radiation levels from muons are below RP criteria.  Consequences: Bend p- beam down-wards, limited number of beam shots, different energy? CERN fence West hall  Helmut Vincke’s talk West Area: CNGS (underground area):  Accessibility  CNGS target, horns removal  Chiara Bracco’s talk  John Osborne’s talk Civil engineering  build a beam-trench

16. Layout, Integration Studies E. Gschwendtner, AWAKE Collaboration Meeting, CERN, 18/10/201216 Ans Pardons’ talk  Many more details from collaboration on footprint required! West Area: -Consider civil engineering -Consider footprint of AWAKE experiment TargetHorn TSG4 1 Storage gallery (120 m) Proton beam line TT41 Junction chamber Target chamber Access Gallery CNGS: -As long as no decision on CNGS continuation taken: -Keep CNGS facility in shape -Install AWAKE experiment temporarily

17. EL Infrastructure West Area: – Primary substation is close (200m) – Existing infrastructure old – A lot must be refurbished, renewed… E. Gschwendtner, AWAKE Collaboration Meeting, CERN, 18/10/201217 TT5 TT4 CNGS: – EL infrastructure exists, but must be modified  EL infrastructure can only be done once all electrical consumptions are estimated by the clients (PC, CV, general services) and the type of network is specified 66 kV power line 18kV – Technical galleries! 18kV & 66kV power lines: backbone of the CERN grid Installation until end 2012 Davide Bozzini, EN-EL

18. Cooling & Ventilation E. Gschwendtner, AWAKE Collaboration Meeting, CERN, 18/10/201218 West Area: -Pumping system, cooling towers, piping connections -need refurbishment, redoing, some of them could maybe be used -Separate ventilation systems for proton beam-line, experimental area and dump CNGS: -Ventilation system exists -But needs some modifications  CV infrastructure can only be done once all cooling and ventilation needs are estimated by the clients (PC, CV, general services). Michele Battistin, EN-CV

19. Access System E. Gschwendtner, AWAKE Collaboration Meeting, CERN, 18/10/201219 Rui Nunes, GS-ASE TT61 Access Point Existing/ne w beam line nTOF Access Point nTOF Access Point Access gallery for nTOF/TT6 1 Shielding/Civil Eng. Must leave path for access to nTOF West Area: -new access system of ‘primary area type’ (higher level of risk exposure and radiation classfication) -Turnstile and material access door needed, passive beam stopper, -Interlock system shared with HiRadMat and LHC (to be modified) -De-coupled from nTOF area  Physical layout of the area very important for more design details! CNGS: -Existing access could be moved down the tunnel -Modifications needed

20. West Area vs CNGS – Incomplete! E. Gschwendtner, AWAKE Collaboration Meeting, CERN, 18/10/201220 West AreaCNGS Proton beam line- To be done+ Most of it exists Prompt dose issues (muon dose) - Consequences on beam energy and/or limited number of extractions! + OK, under control Other radiation issues- Shielding to protect West Area- Target, horns! Need long cool-down to remove. Civil engineering- Needed for trench-+ to be checked whether needed. Size of experimental area+ OK- Small Access- New access system, + but experimental area nearby + Access system exists, - but long distance to experimental area Electricity- A lot must be refurbished, renewed+ Exists, - needs some modifications Cooling, ventilation- A lot must be refurbished, renewed,…+ Exists, - needs some modifications Storage- TT4/TT5 full with stored magnets, etc… area needed in LS1.  build new storage building. + No storage area Beam dump- Must be newly built, - lot of shielding needed+ Exists Control room- New building?- Inside tunnel? SafetyLaser, klystron, …  safety files ……… Further Detailed Studies Needed!!

21. Time-Scale E. Gschwendtner, AWAKE Collaboration Meeting, CERN, 18/10/201221 West Area: Beam not before 2017:  New magnets, build new storage area, new service installations… CNGS: Beam 2015:  Only when reusing proton beam-line magnets and no dismantling of CNGS target, horns.

22. Summary  CERN project structure well defined.  Studies ongoing for West Area and CNGS.  Many issues have already been defined.  Many iterations with technical groups needed.  Need input from Collaboration to advance! E. Gschwendtner, AWAKE Collaboration Meeting, CERN, 18/10/201222

23. Necessary input from Collaboration Detailed layout of ALL equipment (+ auxiliaries) Electrical consumption Cooling & ventilation needs Radiation hardness of equipment Safety information: laser, klystron, gas, … Control needs (control room, computers, ….) Access needs E. Gschwendtner, AWAKE Collaboration Meeting, CERN, 18/10/201223 By end October 2012!!

24. Necessary input from Collaboration Electron beam injection  interface with p-beam? Quadrupoles downstream the plasma cell Specification of energy Minimum number of shots E. Gschwendtner, AWAKE Collaboration Meeting, CERN, 18/10/201224 By end October 2012!!

25. Additional slides E. Gschwendtner, AWAKE Collaboration Meeting, CERN, 18/10/201225

26. CERN Facilities E. Gschwendtner, AWAKE Collaboration Meeting, CERN, 18/10/201226 West Area CNGS