1. Energy deposition as function of intensity and emittance  The damage potential of a beam does not only depend on the total intensity Energy deposition as function of spot size  x ×  y Assumed round beams in this context Peak energy deposition in Cu

2. Energy Deposition in Graphite

3. ATTENUATION

4. Attenuation Requirements for Generic Protection Devices  Design for ultimate intensity  The protection devices for LIU beams and BCMS after LS1 need to attenuate more than the current design.  Longer jaws or higher Z.  For BCMS after LS1 would need 100 % more attenuation.  The protection devices for LIU beams and BCMS after LS1 need to attenuate more than the current design.  Longer jaws or higher Z.  For BCMS after LS1 would need 100 % more attenuation. Bunch intensity Normalized emittance Number of bunches (N b /  ) / (N ultimate /  ultimate ) nominal1.15 × 10 11 3.5  m 2880.68 ultimate1.7 3.5  m 2881 standard run 21.2 2.6  m 2880.95 BCMS run 21.3 1.39  m 288 = 6 x 482.1 HL 25 ns2.3 × 10 11 2.1  m 2882.3 BCMS LIU2 × 10 11 1.3  m 288 = 6 x 483.1

5. ROBUSTNESS

6. Material Comparison  Stress resistance criterion for graphite: Mohr-Coulomb F s > 1 New optics criterion, LIU BCMS beam  For the same intensity and emittance: graphite is the best. The LHC ring collimator CFC between h-BN and graphite.

7. Beam status Emittance [ Pi.mm.mrad ] Spot Size ( β x* β y) [m^2] Bunch Intensity Material Number of Bunches Max. T emperature [°C] Tens. Strength /Max Tens. Stress Comp. Strength /Max Comp. Stress Mohr-Coulomb S.F. Status Run2 BCMS 1.394423.81.3e11 h-BN5000 288902,87/1259/370.53 240788,922/1359/321.10 192667,427/1259/261.28 Run2 Standar d 2.64423.81.2e11288572,239/1274/251.88 Robustness simulations: TDI Results for TDI injection stopper Sufficient attenuation for all cases

8. Beam status Emittance [ Pi.mm.mrad ] Spot Size ( β x* β y) [m^2] Bunch Intensity Material Number of Bunches Max. T emperature [°C] Tens. Strength /Max Tens. Stress Comp. Strength /Max Comp. Stress Mohr-Coulomb S.F. Status Run2 BCMS 1.39 1238.8 1.3e11 Graphite 288140030/32118/810.9 240125030/24118/751.44 192104330/18118/581.75 Run2 Standard 2.61238.81.2e1128886230/15118/42.52 Robustness simulations: Transfer Line Collimators  Note: Transfer line collimators still at locations with smaller beta functions after LS1   Similar energy deposition for run 2 BCMS as for LIU BCMS. Sufficient attenuation only for ≤ 144 bunches. Similar to 50 ns particle density in 2012.

9. The 3 BCMS cases Brightness limit is 144 bunches with 1.3e+11 in 1.4 um. Limit comes from TCDIs Standard 25 ns: 1.2e+11 in 2.6 um. Case# bunchesBunch intensityEmittance Case 11441.3e+111.4 Case 21921.3e+111.86 Case 32401.3e+112.32

10. Same brightness means higher stress in graphite If intensity is increased: f > 1 Example TDI: But as 192 bunches are OK for TDI with 1.4 um emittance, 240 are OK with 2.32 um emittance.

11. Other Devices in SPS and TLs DeviceCommentMaterial  x x  y Case 1Case 2Case 3 TIDVGSweep, intensity limitation not brightness. Continuous dumping problematic Sandwich: Graphite, Al,Cu, W -OK (with special super cycle) TPSG450 GeV: Assume all beam in one spot Sandwich: graphite CfC, Ti, Inconel 2178tbc TED450 GeV. Continuous dumping problematic. Sandwich: Graphite, Al, Cu- Be, Cu 3388OK TIDPMomentum collimator. n/a n/a TBSJInjection dump: 26 GeV. Max intensity: 48 bunches per shot Stainless steel2290tbc TIDHSweep. Dump at 28 GeV Al-OK