1. Absolutism Consolidation of Power

2. Monarchies Absolute Monarchy –“Divine Right of Kings” Limited Monarchy

3. Why was Europe in need of absolute monarchies? Decline of feudalism Rise in political power by the Middle Class Rise of Nationalism Rise of Cities Monarch’s control of the colonies Decline of Church authority

4. Dynasties of Absolute Monarchies The Hapsburgs in Spain and the Netherlands The Hapsburgs in Austria The Hohenzollern of Prussia The Bourbon family in France The Romanovs of Russia

5. Spanish Empire Philip II

6. Central Europe HapsburgsHohenzollerns Maria Theresa of Austria Frederick the Great of Prussia

7. French Empire Henry of Navarre, the future King Henry IV

8. French Empire Cardinal RichelieuLouis XIII

9. French Empire Louis XIV Cardinal Mazarin

12. Russian Empire Ivan IV Catherine the Great Peter the Great

13. England and the Limited Monarchy Growth of Parliament English Civil War Commonwealth Restoration Glorious Revolution Charles I

14. Decline of Absolute Monarchies Enlightenment ideas Spread of ideas of independence/ freedom