1. Revolutions in the Arts Section 4 Ch.24

2. Romanticism ● Enlightenment: ● focused on reason and orderliness in society and nature ● Romanticism ● Turned from reason to emotion ● Turned from society to nature ● turned away from order

3. Key elements of Romanticism ● Inner feelings, thoughts, emotions, and imagination. ● Focused on the mysterious, the supernatural, and the exotic, grotesque, or horrifying. ● Idealized the past ● Glorified heroes and heroic actions

4. Romanticism in Literature ● Poetry was seen as the highest form of expression. ● Viewed nature as a source of truth and beauty. ● Rebellious heroes were celebrated.

5. Gothic Novels ● Filled with violent, fearful, and supernatural events. ● Ex. Mary Shelley- Frankenstein

6. Romanticism in Music ● Music celebrated heroism and national pride. ● Ludwig van Beethoven was the most famous romantic composer.

7. Romanticism in Art ● Art focused on nature, love, religion, and nationalism

10. Realism ● Art moved from romanticism to realism because of rapid industrialization. ● The overcrowding of cities and filthy working conditions made romanticism seem too unreal. ● Realism was to try and show life how it really was.

11. Photography as Art ● Photography was scientific, mechanical and mass produced.

15. Realist novels ● Common themes were wealth and power. ● Focus was on the poor working class and their struggle within society. ● Famous writers of the time include Emile Zola of France and Charles Dickens of Britain.

17. Impressionism ● This movement in painting was a reaction to realism. ● impressionist painters sought to show their impression of a subject or a moment in time. ● Famous painters Claude Monet, Edgar Degas, and Pierre-Auguste Renoir.