1. Institute for Visualization and Perception Research 1 © Copyright 1998 Haim Levkowitz Setting up a Web server Setting up basic services... Web server maintenance... More features...

2. Institute for Visualization and Perception Research 2 © Copyright 1998 Haim Levkowitz Setting up basic services... Pre-compiled server Source + compilation Site-specific configuration Installing the server Starting the server Mapping URLs to documents... Testing the server Setting up home pages... Public access conventions... Announcing server...

3. Institute for Visualization and Perception Research 3 © Copyright 1998 Haim Levkowitz httpd (NCSA) subdirectories... cgi-bin conf icons logs support

4. Institute for Visualization and Perception Research 4 © Copyright 1998 Haim Levkowitz Mapping URLs to documents... Minimal URL to reach server: http://server-name... Different port: http://server- name:port_number... URL --> real dir translation...

5. Institute for Visualization and Perception Research 5 © Copyright 1998 Haim Levkowitz Minimal URL to reach server: http://server-name... No directory path / filename ==>server returns index.html in ServerRoot directory or (if no file) directory index (like ls -1)

6. Institute for Visualization and Perception Research 6 © Copyright 1998 Haim Levkowitz Different port: http://server- name:port_number... Append virtual name of document (except root-dir index) Path to doc (not absolute)

7. Institute for Visualization and Perception Research 7 © Copyright 1998 Haim Levkowitz URL --> real dir translation... Virtual dir in beg. URL path? (def'd in Alias / ScriptAlias in srm.conf) Yes: replace vir. dir. w/real dir. Prefix of /~user-name? Yes: ~user-name/public_html/ Doesn't exist ==> error Else DocumentRoot at beg. Path Alias, ScriptAlias, UserDir directives in srm.conf....

8. Institute for Visualization and Perception Research 8 © Copyright 1998 Haim Levkowitz Alias, ScriptAlias, UserDir directives in srm.conf.... Virtual directory E.g., Alias /icons /usr/local/etc/httpd/icons/ http://server- name/icons/mybitmap.xbm ==> /usr/local/etc/httpd/icons/mybitmap.x bm

9. Institute for Visualization and Perception Research 9 © Copyright 1998 Haim Levkowitz Setting up home pages... home.html Single / in various directories Sign: hyperlink to HTML signature page at bottom Every page Date: creation / modification Every page; automate Status: Stable / under construction

10. Institute for Visualization and Perception Research 10 © Copyright 1998 Haim Levkowitz Public access conventions... Server name starts w/ www. E-mail alias for comments, tips, requests etc. webmaster alias: webmaster@domain-name

11. Institute for Visualization and Perception Research 11 © Copyright 1998 Haim Levkowitz Announcing server... Info... Announce to...

12. Institute for Visualization and Perception Research 12 © Copyright 1998 Haim Levkowitz Info... Owner Contents Status URL

13. Institute for Visualization and Perception Research 13 © Copyright 1998 Haim Levkowitz Announce to... www-announce@www0.cern.ch comp.infosystems.announce www-request@info.cern.ch whats-new@ncsa.uiuc.edu

14. Institute for Visualization and Perception Research 14 © Copyright 1998 Haim Levkowitz Web server maintenance... Updating HTML documents Managing log files Moving directory structures Mirroring documents and servers... HTTP logs and log analysis...

15. Institute for Visualization and Perception Research 15 © Copyright 1998 Haim Levkowitz Mirroring documents and servers... htget Perl script: get HTML non- interactivel from Web server Duplicate part or all of another host's dir tree

16. Institute for Visualization and Perception Research 16 © Copyright 1998 Haim Levkowitz HTTP logs and log analysis... Two log files (in ServerRoot dir.) Error log (logs/error_log) Transfer log (logs/access_log)

17. Institute for Visualization and Perception Research 17 © Copyright 1998 Haim Levkowitz More features... Adding MIME types... Enabling server-side includes... Automatic directory indexing...

18. Institute for Visualization and Perception Research 18 © Copyright 1998 Haim Levkowitz Adding MIME types... Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions E.g., text/plain, text/html, image/gif, video/quicktime, application/postscript New: leading x- E.g., application/x-http-cgi, text/x- server-parsed-html Adding...

19. Institute for Visualization and Perception Research 19 © Copyright 1998 Haim Levkowitz Adding... AddType AddEncoding DefaultType E.g., identify HTML documents First line of file contains Filename ends with.html.htm (DOS 8.3 filename) AddType text/html htm

20. Institute for Visualization and Perception Research 20 © Copyright 1998 Haim Levkowitz Enabling server-side includes... Files Values of environment variables Dates, doc sizes, authors, HTML in multiple docs. Examples (see my homepage) Not enabled by default in httpd... Security issues...

21. Institute for Visualization and Perception Research 21 © Copyright 1998 Haim Levkowitz Not enabled by default in httpd... Enable: server-wide / per directory Options Includes (or IncludesNoExec) in access.conf Which files get includes inserted Almost every file srm.conf: AddType text/x-server-parsed-html.html Sparingly Define new file extension for files needing processing AddType text/html shtml AddType text/x-server-parsed-html.shtml

22. Institute for Visualization and Perception Research 22 © Copyright 1998 Haim Levkowitz Security issues... IncludesNoExec more secure than Includes More later