1. Anaerobic Respiration

2. Bellwork Have you ever done aerobic exercise and gotten a cramp in a leg muscle? Speculate what causes that cramp. Have you ever done aerobic exercise and gotten a cramp in a leg muscle? Speculate what causes that cramp.

3. Objectives Explain the difference between anaerobic respiration and cellular respiration Explain the difference between anaerobic respiration and cellular respiration Distinguish between lactic acid fermentation and alcohol fermentation Distinguish between lactic acid fermentation and alcohol fermentation

4. Key Terminology Anaerobic Anaerobic Fermentation Fermentation

5. Purpose of Anaerobic Respiration Produce ATP Produce ATP in the absence of oxygen (anaerobic)in the absence of oxygen (anaerobic) Starts with glycolysis Starts with glycolysis Pyruvate doesn’t enter the Krebs cycle Pyruvate doesn’t enter the Krebs cycle Instead is converted to either alcohol or lactic acid Instead is converted to either alcohol or lactic acid depending on the organismdepending on the organism Conversion known as Fermentation Conversion known as Fermentation

6. Alcohol Fermentation Used by many one-celled organisms Used by many one-celled organisms Bacteria and yeastBacteria and yeast Pathway Pathway Glucose  Pyruvate  Alcohol + CO 2 + NAD +Glucose  Pyruvate  Alcohol + CO 2 + NAD + Purpose of making alcohol Purpose of making alcohol Regenerates NAD + Regenerates NAD + So that glycolysis can continueSo that glycolysis can continue Commercial use Commercial use Making wine and beerMaking wine and beer Baking breadBaking bread

7. Think-Pair-Share Based on your understanding of alcohol fermentation why does bread rise? Why doesn’t the bread taste like alcohol after baking? PROPERTY OF PIMA COUNTY JTED, 2010 3

8. Alcohol Fermentation

9. Lactic Acid Fermentation Organisms that use this pathway Organisms that use this pathway muscles, some bacteriamuscles, some bacteria Pathway Pathway Glucose  Pyruvate  lactic acid + CO 2 + NAD + Purpose of creating lactic acid Purpose of creating lactic acid Regenerate NAD +Regenerate NAD + So that glycolysis continues and makes ATPSo that glycolysis continues and makes ATP Physiological symptoms Physiological symptoms Muscle crampingMuscle cramping Commercial uses Commercial uses Making cheese and yogurtMaking cheese and yogurt

10. Lactic Acid Fermentation

11. Think-Pair-Share If our muscles can do Lactic Acid Fermentation when oxygen is low, why do humans die without oxygen? PROPERTY OF PIMA COUNTY JTED, 2010 3

12. Energy and Exercise We need the energy from both anaerobic and aerobic respiration We need the energy from both anaerobic and aerobic respiration Quick energyQuick energy needed to respond to danger, sprinting, weight-lifting needed to respond to danger, sprinting, weight-lifting First few seconds – aerobic respiration First few seconds – aerobic respiration Rest from lactic acid fermentation Rest from lactic acid fermentation Long-term energy –Long-term energy – Needed for running a marathon, aerobics, basketball Needed for running a marathon, aerobics, basketball Essentially all from aerobic respiration Essentially all from aerobic respiration Also uses glycogen (carb reserves) and fat reserves Also uses glycogen (carb reserves) and fat reserves

13. PROPERTY OF PIMA COUNTY JTED, 2010 13 3 Minute Paper You have three minutes to write down two key points from today’s lesson. Be prepared to share.

14. Types of Exercise Aerobic (endurance, Cardio) Ex: jogging, biking, aerobics Increases blood vessels, inc heart Muscles become stronger, more flexible and less easily fatigued Improves digestion, heart function, lung function Muscle uses O 2 to do Cellular Respiration Burns fat

15. Anaerobic (Resistance) Ex: weight-lifting Contracting with as much force as possible Muscles get bigger, stronger, more defined Strong contractions cause muscle cell damage Muscle cells repair & enlarge You don’t make more cells, just larger cells Need to give time for repair to see improvement Without O 2 muscles use Lactic Acid Fermentation Acid damages muscles & makes them sore No pain…No gain