1. Sailing Aboard the Mayflower

2. Cross Section of the Mayflower Forecastle: Where the crew's meals were cooked, and where the crew's food and supplies were kept. Poop House: Nothing to do with a bathroom, the poop house was the living quarters for the ship's master (Christopher Jones) and some of the higher ranking crew, perhaps master's mates John Clarke and Robert Coppin. Cabin: The general sleeping quarters for the Mayflower's twenty or thirty other crewmembers. The crew slept in shifts. Steerage Room: This is where the pilot steered the Mayflower. Steering was done by a stick called a whip-staff that was moved back and forth to move the tiller, which in turn moves the rudder. Gun Room: This is where the powder, shot, and other supplies were stored for the ship's guns and cannons. Gun Deck: The gun deck is where the cannon were located. On merchant ships, this deck was used to hold additional cargo. In the Mayflower's case, the gun deck is where the passengers lived on the voyage to America. Capstan and Windlass: Large apparatus which were used to lift and lower heavy cargo between the decks. Cargo Hold: This is where the Pilgrims would have stored their cargo of food, tools, and supplies during the voyage.

3. The Gun Deck The Gun Deck, sometimes referred to by the Pilgrims as "betwixt the decks" or the "tween deck," is where the Pilgrims lived for most of the voyage. They occasionally ventured to the upper deck, especially during calmer weather when they would be less likely to get in the way of the seamen and there was less danger of being swept overboard. The gun deck had about four gun ports on either side of the ship for cannon. Even though the Mayflower was a merchant ship, it needed to be able to defend itself from pirates, and needed to be prepared for the possibility of conscription (when England was at war, the King or Queen could turn merchant ships into military vessels.) The height of the gun deck was around five and a half feet.

4. Gun Deck Floor Plan During the voyage, the 102 Mayflower passengers lived primarily on the gun deck, or the 'tween deck. The length of the deck from stem to stern was about 80 feet, of which about 12 feet at the back belonged to the gun room and was probably off-limits to the passengers. The width at the widest part was about 24 feet. Various hatches provided access to the cargo hold below. The windlass and capstan, both used to haul heavy items by rope between the decks, also took up floor-space, as did the main mast in the middle, and the sprit sail mast in the front. Many of the families built themselves small little "cabins," simple wooden dividers nailed together, to provide a small amount of privacy. Others, especially the young single men, just took up any old spot--many found shelter within a shallop, a 30-foot sailing vessel that the Pilgrims brought with them, and which they had dismantled and stowed on the gun deck. The two month voyage, with many young men living inside of it, caused considerable damage to the shallop, and cost the Pilgrims several weeks of time to fix after they arrived.

5. Things Pilgrims Brought The Pilgrims did not leave behind a list of the things that they brought with them, so we do not know exactly what they brought. They were short of money, and so had very little with them but the necessities of life. In August 1620, a letter written by some of the Mayflower passengers as they lie in Southampton, England, wrote "we are forced to sell away £60 worth of our provisions,... scarce having any butter, no oil, not a sole to mend a shoe nor every man a sword by his side, wanting many muskets, much armor, etc." We do know from written accounts that they had some Holland cheese, some dried beef, salt pork, biscuit (hard tack), wheat, peas, oil, and butter. The only known animals brought on the Mayflower were two dogs, a mastiff and an English spaniel, primarily for hunting, though it is possible they brought some chickens or pigs. The first goats, cattle, and oxen did not begin arriving at Plymouth until several years later, and horses were not to be seen for several more years. Some passengers brought a good number of books, a few expectant mothers brought cradles. While there may have been a few wooden chests, most other furniture was built after arrival from local materials.

6. Clothing (for a man): Monmouth Cap (knit cap, see image at right) 3 falling bands (flat, usually white laced collar) 3 shirts, 1 waistcoat 1 canvas suit, 1 cloth suit, 1 frieze suit 3 pairs of Irish stockings 4 pairs of shoes 1 pair of garters (ribbons used to tie up the Irish stockings just below the knee) CLOTHING Bedding and extra fabric: 1 pair of canvas sheets About 26 feet of canvas to make a bed and bolster for two About 18 feet of canvas to make a bed for the sea voyage 1 rug 12 sewing needles

7. Food – for 1 man – meant to last one year Beer (the primary drink for everyone, water was often considered unsafe) About 2 barrels of wheat (a barrel held 36 gallons) About 1/2 barrel of peas, and 1/2 barrel of oats 2 gallons of vinegar 1 gallon aqua-vitae (a strong liquor made from distilling beer or wine) 1 gallon salad oil Bacon Cheese Sugar, Spice and Fruit

8. Weapons and Hunting Complete (but light) body armor Long-barreled musket (Captain Smith recommends 5 feet 6 inches long) 1 sword and belt 1 bandolier (a leather belt that was worn from the right shoulder across the breast and under the left arm, to support the musket). 20 pounds of gunpowder 60 pounds of shot

9. Work Tools 5 broad and 5 narrow hoes 2 broad axes, 2 pickaxes, and 5 felling axes 4 hand saws and 2 whipsaws (with sharpening file) 2 hammers, 3 shovels, 2 spades 2 augers, 6 chisels, 1 percer, 1 gimlet (all tools used for boring/drilling/chiseling wood) 2 hatchets 1 frow (a sharp tool used to split wood for fence posts) 1 grindstone nails "of all sorts"

10. Cooking 1 iron pot 1 kettle 1 large frying pan 1 grid iron 2 skillets 1 spit (to rotate cooking food over a fire) Platters, dishes, and spoons (made of wood)