1. © Prentice Hall, 2005Excellence in Business, Revised Edition Chapter 8 - 1 Organization and Teamwork

2. © Prentice Hall, 2005Excellence in Business, Revised Edition Chapter 8 - 2 Effective Organization Structure Divide responsibilities Distribute authority Coordinate and control work Promote accountability

3. © Prentice Hall, 2005Excellence in Business, Revised Edition Chapter 8 - 3 Organization Chart Formal organization Informal organization

4. © Prentice Hall, 2005Excellence in Business, Revised Edition Chapter 8 - 4 Organization Chart for Food Lion Grocery Chain Board of Directors President & CEO Chairperson VP Human Resources Senior VP Operations VP MIS VP Finance VP Special Projects VP Marketing VP Advertising VP Store Planning Regional Supervisors Area Supervisors Regional Operations Area Supervisors Regional Operations Area Supervisors VP Grocery Operations VP Perishable Operations VP Bakery Operations

5. © Prentice Hall, 2005Excellence in Business, Revised Edition Chapter 8 - 5 Work Specialization Advantages –Efficiency –Productivity Disadvantages –Boredom –Alienation

6. © Prentice Hall, 2005Excellence in Business, Revised Edition Chapter 8 - 6 Chain of Command Responsibility Accountability Authority Delegation

7. © Prentice Hall, 2005Excellence in Business, Revised Edition Chapter 8 - 7 Simplified Line-and-Staff Structure Chain of command –Line organization –Line-and-staff organization

8. © Prentice Hall, 2005Excellence in Business, Revised Edition Chapter 8 - 8 Span of Management Flat organizations Tall organizations

9. © Prentice Hall, 2005Excellence in Business, Revised Edition Chapter 8 - 9 Decision-Making Authority Centralized –Top-level management Decentralized –Lower-level management

10. © Prentice Hall, 2005Excellence in Business, Revised Edition Chapter 8 - 10 Vertical Organizations Function Division Network Matrix

11. © Prentice Hall, 2005Excellence in Business, Revised Edition Chapter 8 - 11 Departmentalization by Function Skills Resource use Expertise

12. © Prentice Hall, 2005Excellence in Business, Revised Edition Chapter 8 - 12 Functional Departments Disadvantages Departmental BarriersDepartmental Barriers Slow Response TimeSlow Response Time Ineffective PlanningIneffective Planning OverspecializationOverspecialization Advantages Resource AllocationResource Allocation Unified DirectionUnified Direction Improved CoordinationImproved Coordination Better CommunicationBetter Communication

13. © Prentice Hall, 2005Excellence in Business, Revised Edition Chapter 8 - 13 Departmentalization by Division Products Processes Geography Customers

14. © Prentice Hall, 2005Excellence in Business, Revised Edition Chapter 8 - 14 Departmentalization by Division AdvantagesDisadvantages Flexibility Better Service Management Focus Wasting Resources Poor Coordination Competition

15. © Prentice Hall, 2005Excellence in Business, Revised Edition Chapter 8 - 15 Departmentalization by Matrix Advantages –Skills and expertise –Resource use Disadvantages –Reporting issues –Authority issues –Interpersonal conflicts

16. © Prentice Hall, 2005Excellence in Business, Revised Edition Chapter 8 - 16 Departmentalization by Network AdvantagesDisadvantages FlexibilityFlexibility ResponsivenessResponsiveness VarietyVariety Dispersed FunctionsDispersed Functions Quality ControlQuality Control Employee LoyaltyEmployee Loyalty

17. © Prentice Hall, 2005Excellence in Business, Revised Edition Chapter 8 - 17 Innovative Structures Horizontal structures Hybrid organization

18. © Prentice Hall, 2005Excellence in Business, Revised Edition Chapter 8 - 18 Comparing Work Groups and Work Teams Goals Synergy Responsibility Skills

19. © Prentice Hall, 2005Excellence in Business, Revised Edition Chapter 8 - 19 Workplace Teams Problem-solving Self-managed Functional

20. © Prentice Hall, 2005Excellence in Business, Revised Edition Chapter 8 - 20 Types of Cross-Functional Teams Task forces Special-purpose Committees

21. © Prentice Hall, 2005Excellence in Business, Revised Edition Chapter 8 - 21 Virtual Teams vProject-management skills vTime-management skills vTechnological expertise vCross-cultural skills vInterpersonal awareness

22. © Prentice Hall, 2005Excellence in Business, Revised Edition Chapter 8 - 22 Advantages of Teams vInformation and knowledge vDiversity of views vAcceptance of solutions vPerformance levels vOrganizational flexibility vOperational efficiencies

23. © Prentice Hall, 2005Excellence in Business, Revised Edition Chapter 8 - 23 Disadvantages of Teams vFrustration vLost productivity vGroupthink vHidden agendas vFree riders vHigh costs

24. © Prentice Hall, 2005Excellence in Business, Revised Edition Chapter 8 - 24 Five Stages of Team Development Forming Storming Norming Performing Adjourning

25. © Prentice Hall, 2005Excellence in Business, Revised Edition Chapter 8 - 25 Level of Cohesiveness Competition –Meeting attendance –Team interaction Evaluation –Work quality –Goal Achievement

26. © Prentice Hall, 2005Excellence in Business, Revised Edition Chapter 8 - 26 Emergence of Norms Standards of conduct –Set limits –Identify values Acceptable behavior –Clarify expectations –Facilitate survival

27. © Prentice Hall, 2005Excellence in Business, Revised Edition Chapter 8 - 27 Team Member Roles Task specialist Dual role Nonparticipator Socioemotional

28. © Prentice Hall, 2005Excellence in Business, Revised Edition Chapter 8 - 28 Effective Teams Clear goalsClear goals Strong leadershipStrong leadership Right size & structureRight size & structure Clear purposeClear purpose Open communicationOpen communication Creative thinkingCreative thinking Focused effortsFocused efforts Consensus decisionsConsensus decisions

29. © Prentice Hall, 2005Excellence in Business, Revised Edition Chapter 8 - 29 Team Conflict Competition for scarce resources Responsibility issues Poor communication Values, attitudes, and personalities Authority issues Goal incompatibility

30. © Prentice Hall, 2005Excellence in Business, Revised Edition Chapter 8 - 30 Dealing With Conflict Resolution –Avoidance –Confrontation –Diffusion Prevention –Clear goals –Well-defined tasks –Communication