1. Quick Write: What is Geography? (…and why should I care?) 5-7 sentences

2. AGENDA May 1/2, 2012 Today’s topics  Quick Write: What is Geography?  Mapping the world  Forms of Government Administrative  Return papers Homework  Glossary terms: Chap 22–A due May ¾  Return Green River Killer slips by FRIDAY

3. Mapping the world Physical Geography Africa Antarctica Asia Australia Europe North America South America Greenland Atlantic Ocean Pacific Ocean Indian Ocean Arctic Ocean Caribbean Sea Gulf of Mexico Mediterranean Sea Amazon River Nile River Panama Canal Suez Canal Sahara Desert Himalayas Andes

4. Mapping the world Human Geography Canada Mexico Panama Brazil Haiti Cuba Great Britain France Greece Egypt Libya Australia Indonesia China India South Africa Pakistan Afghanistan Iraq Iran Israel Saudi Arabia

5. What is Government? What is the Economy?

6. What I Think…  New title (under today’s Quick Write) “What I Think: Government & the Economy”  For 5 minutes, write a response to the following questions:  What is Government?  What is the Economy?  New heading: “What others think”

7. Book Definitions Government: The institution through which a society makes and enforces its public policies. The Economy: The activities concerned with the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services in a society

8. UNIT 7: COMPARATIVE POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC SYSTEMS

9. GOVERNMENT A government is the organization, machinery, or agency through which a political unit exercises its authority, controls and administers public policy, and directs and controls the actions of its members or subjects.

10. TYPES OF GOVERNMENT FROM A -T acracygovernment by none; anarchy adhocracy government in an unstructured fashion; an unstructured organization albocracygovernment by white people anarchygovernment by none androcracygovernment by men anemocracygovernment by the wind or by whim angelocracygovernment by angels antarchyopposition to government; anarchy argentocracygovernment by money aristarchygovernment by the best aristocracygovernment by the nobility arithmocracygovernment by simple majority autarchygovernment by an absolute ruler autocracygovernment by one individual

11. technocracygovernment by technical experts tetradarchygovernment by four people; tetrarchy tetrarchygovernment by four people thalassiarchysovereignty of the seas; thalassocracy thalassocracysovereignty of the seas thearchyrule by a god or gods; body of divine rulers theatrocracy government by gathered assemblies of citizens theocracygovernment by priests or by religious law timarchy government by the propertied class; timocracy timocracygovernment by the propertied class triarchygovernment by three people tritarchygovernment by three people; triarchy tritheocracygovernment by three gods

12. FORMS OF GOVERNMENT DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN GOVERNMENTS (NON DEMOCRATIC)

13. DEMOCRACY A POLITICAL SYSTEM IN WHICH POLITICAL POWER IS EXERCISED EITHER DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY BY THE PEOPLE

14. INDIRECT DEMOCRACY aka representative democracy Citizens elect representatives to make laws on their behalf (most common) DIRECT DEMOCRACY aka pure democracy the decisions are not taken by representatives All decisions are made at the level of the people For example when a budget or a law needs to be passed, then the idea goes to the people

15. LIBERAL DEMOCRACY A POLITICAL SYSTEM THAT PROMOTES PARTICIPATION, COMPETITION, AND LIBERTY AND EMPHASIZES INDIVIDUAL FREEDOM AND CIVIL RIGHTS

16. LIBERAL DEMOCRACIES Free (89) Partly Free (62) Not Free (42) Freedom House is an international non-governmental organization (NGO) based in Washington, D.C. that conducts research and advocacy on democracy, political freedom and human rightsnon-governmental organizationNGOWashington, D.C.democracypolitical freedomhuman rights

17. 3 MODELS (SYSTEMS) OF DEMOCRACY PARLIAMENTARY SYSTEM PRESIDENTIAL SYSTEM SEMI PRESIDENTIAL SYSTEM ALL 3 MODELS HAVE 3 BRANCHES OF GOVERNMENT IN COMMON  EXECUTIVE  LEGISLATIVE  JUDICIAL

18. PARLIAMENTARY SYSTEM Have head of government (Prime Minister) Head of state (President = elected or a hereditary monarch) THE LEGISLATURE ELECTS AND REMOVES THE PRIME MINISTER FROM OFFICE (VOTE OF NO CONFIDENCE) & CABINET

19. COUNTRIES WITH PARLIAMENTARY SYSTEMS UNICAMERAL LEGISLATURE Israel / Knesset New Zealand / Parliament Sweden / Riksdag Turkey / National Grand Assembly BICAMERAL LEGISLATURE Canada / Senate & House of Commons Japan / Diet / House of Councilors and House of Representative United Kingdom / House of Lords & House of Commons

20. Constitutional monarchies Constitutional monarchies in which authority is vested in a parliament. Parliamentary republics where parliaments are effectively supreme over a separate head of state. Parliamentary republics where the role of the head of government and head of state are combined. Parliamentary republics

21. PRESIDENTIAL SYSTEMS KEY ELEMENTS 1.THE PEOPLE ELECT THE PRESIDENT DIRECTLY AND THE PRESIDENT IS USUALLY BOTH THE HEAD OF STATE AND THE HEAD OF GOVERNMENT 2.PRESIDENT CAN CHOOSE CABINET 3.CHECKS AND BALANCES

22. COUNTRIES WITH PRESIDENTIAL SYSTEMS (BLUE)

23. SEMI-PRESIDENTIAL SYSTEMS Two centers of executive power President & Prime Minister When parliamentary majority and President are from the same political camp, the system resembles the US one, with the PM having reduced significance. KEY ELEMENTS THE EXECUTIVE IS SEPARATE FROM THE LEGISLATURE THE EXECUTIVE POWERS ARE SHARED BETWEEN THE HEAD OF STATE & THE HEAD OF THE GOVERNMENT (THE PRESIDENT AND THE PRIME MINISTER)

24. COUNTRIES WITH SEMIPRESIDENTIAL SYSTEMS (YELLOW)

25. AUTHORITARIAN AUTOCRAT, DICTATORSHIP, FASCISTS, OLIGARCHY, MILITARY SMALL GROUPS OF ELITES EXERCISING POWER OVER THE STATE CITIZENS WITH LITTLE OR NO INPUT NO CONSTITUTIONAL RESPONSIBILITY OF LEADERS TO THE PEOPLE RESTRICTION OF CIVIL RIGHTS AND LIBERTIES

26. DEMOCRACY INDEX an index compiled by the The Economist Group a leading source of analysis on international business and world affairs measures the state of DEMOCRACY in 167 countries The countries are categorized into full democracies, flawed democracies, hybrid regimes and authoritarian regimes.

27. NORTH KOREA scored THE LOWEST with 1.08 NORWAY scored THE HIGHEST WITH 9.80 on a scale from zero to ten 2011 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democracy_Index

28. Homework Before you leave  Pick up your belongings & any trash  Straighten desks Homework  Glossary terms: Chap 22–A due May 3/4  Return Green River Killer slips by FRIDAY