1. Origins of the Cold War 1945-1963

2. I. Origins 1.Stalin refuses free elections 2.“Satellite” Nations 3.Violation of war conference agreements 4.March 1946, Churchill says, “Iron curtain has descended across Europe.”

4. II. Containment 1.Contain communism 2.Truman Doctrine-Stop the spread of communism

5. III. Marshall Plan 1.$3 billion; over 4 yrs. 2.Rebuilding democratic govt’s

7. IV. Berlin and the Warsaw Pact 1.Stalin wants no part of capitalism  cuts off E. Germ. from W. 2.Berlin Airlift 3.NATO 4.Warsaw Pact

9. Berlin and the Warsaw Pact (cont’d) 5.One-up each other  arms race 6.1949—USSR tests A-bomb 7.1952—USA tests hydrogen bomb

11. V. National Security Act & NSC-68 1.Nat. Sec. Act, 1947 2.D.O.D 3.National Sec. Council 4.CIA 5.NSC-68 1.Use of troops to achieve containment

13. 6. Special Operations—Green Berets

15. VI. Cold War: Asia 1.Chiang Kai-shek 2.Mao Zedong 3.1949--China becomes communist 4.1950—Stalin + Mao= communist bloc

16. Korea 5. Korea 6.N.Korea  communist 7.1950-cross 38 th parallel into S. 8.UN intervenes 9.“police action”  not war 10. N.Koreans repelled 11. N.Korea pushed to Chinese border

18. Korea (cont’d) 12.UN pushed back across 38 th parallel 13.MacArthur critical  removed from command 14. 1953—Stalemate  still divided at 38 th parallel…to this day

22. VII. U2, Bay of Pigs, Cuban Missile Crisis 1.1958—U2 spy plane (recon.) shot down 2.Since 1955, USA spying on USSR

23. Bay of Pigs 3. 1959—Castro takes control 4.Nationalizes US businesses—land reform 5.USA cuts off Cuba  Castro looks to USSR 6.Ike approves plan to invade Cuba; but dies

25. Bay of Pigs 7. 1961—JFK pres. agrees to invade Cuba 8.Failure and embarrassment 9.Krushchev wants USA out of Berlin 10.JFK refuses 11.Berlin Wall

26. Cuban Missile Crisis 12. October 1962-Spy planes see nukes in Cuba 13. Threat goes from 30min. to 30sec. 14. JFK orders missiles removed 15. USSR; Castro say no 16. JFK orders naval blockade of Cuba 17.“Red Phone”

29. IX. Red Scare 1. Sen. (R)Joseph McCarthy 2. McCarthyism 3. Communist “witch hunt”

30. X. Americans & the Cold War 1.Fear of Hitler/Tojo  fear of nuclear war 2.Americans need protection 3.Sputnik, 1957

31. Americans & the Cold War (cont’d) 4.1958, Ike creates NASA 5.National Highway Act, 1956 1.Interstate freeways 2.42,000 miles 3.Quick evacuation 4.Emergency landing 5.Transport missiles