1. The Early US Government Ch 5 sections 3 and 4 http://www.geocities.com/srivathsajoshi/govttree.gif

2. Constitution Living document (able to be changed) that set up the new government for the USA 3 branches –Legislative: makes laws (Congress) –Executive: enforces laws (President) –Judicial: interprets laws (Supreme Court) http://www.usconsulate.org.hk/pas/kids/images/branches.jpg

3. National government more powerful than state government system (opposite of Articles of Confederation) 9 out of 13 states had to ratify for it to be put in place http://www.15q.net/us1/ct78.jpg

4. Federalists vs. Anti-Federalists Federalists –Supported Constitution and strong national government –Alexander Hamilton –James Madison –George Washington –Federalists Papers: main writer - Madison Anti-Federalists –Opposed Constitution because feared a strong national government would threaten the power of the state governments and individual liberties –Patrick Henry

5. Why did the Federalists win? George Washington’s support Able to sway more of the public to support their side –More organized –Had a plan –Advertised their plan (Federalist Papers) Bill of Rights was promised –1 st 10 amendments to the Constitution which spell out all individual liberties guaranteed to citizens of the USA Economic problems made people want change and the Constitution was their only alternative

6. Bill of Rights Why did some support? –Wanted rights spelled out so nothing could question or threaten those rights –Feared federal government would threaten people’s freedom without them –Many Anti-Federalists supported this viewpoint Why were some opposed? –Thought it wasn’t necessary to add because the basis of the government was that people had the power. Why would they take their own power away? –Rights of the people were protected in the system created by the Constitution –Many Federalists supported this

7. George Washington elected President 1789 Unanimous vote by the electoral college John Adams was VP (leading Federalist) Difficult tasks lay ahead –Infant nation in huge debt –Lacked permanent capital –No federal offices beyond President, VP, and newly elected Congress http://www.solarnavigator.net/history/explorers_history/President_George_Washington.jpg

8. Washington’s Cabinet Cabinet: officials that head major departments of the executive branch and advise the President –Attorney General: Edmund Randolph (nation’s chief law officer and legal advisor) –Secretary of War: Henry Knox –Department of State: Thomas Jefferson –Secretary of the Treasury: Alexander Hamilton

9. Secretary of State: Jefferson Supported the Constitution but not a strict federalist Planter, lawyer, diplomat, inventor, violinist Founded University of Virginia Became 3 rd President of the USA Chosen as Sec. of State because of his experience dealing with France (our closest ally) He never REALLY trusted the government http://www.cato.org/images/homepage/thomas_jefferson_big.jpg

10. Secretary of the Treasury: Hamilton Believed in governmental power –If properly used, it could accomplish great things –Contrasting view to Jefferson http://www.historyimages.com/founding-fathers/Hamilton-Alexander.jpg

11. Washington’s Administration (term in office) Established precedents (become examples, rules, or traditions to be followed) for how to govern Worked to establish a tone of dignity in his administration Unanimously re-elected in 1792, reluctantly accepted Felt need to make government appear both powerful and democratic

12. Planning a Capital City Washington’s 1 st year: New York City 1790 it moved to Philadelphia, stayed there for a decade Residence Act of 1790: Capital would be a 10 square mile stretch of land on the Potomac River near VA and MD but governed by federal authorities Would be called the District of Columbia, but renamed Washington, District of Columbia in 1799

13. Federal government moved to Washington, DC in 1800 before the plan for the city was finished –Meant to display the power and dignity of the federal government the Federalists fought to build –Symbol of the strong federal government http://www.infinitedial.com/07WashingtonDC.jpg