1. Balancing Nationalism and Sectionalism Chapter 7

2. Another Revolution Affects America Manufacturing moved from to –Power-driven machinery –Specialized workers –Social and economic reorganization Started in

3. IR in USA 1793 - established first textile mill in America 1813 - Francis Cabot, Nathan Appleton, and Patrick Tracy Jackson opened mills (“Father of the Factory System”)

4. Early Textile Loom

5. The Lowell/Waltham System: First Dual-Purpose Textile Plant Francis Cabot Lowell’s town - 1814

6. Lowell in 1850

7. Lowell Mill

8. Starting for Lowell

10. Lowell Boarding Houses

11. Lowell Mills Time Table Average hour work day (12+ hour day)

12. New England Dominance in Textiles

13. New England Textile Centers: 1830s

14. Two Economic Systems Develop –Invested more money into manufacturing –Farms were more subsistence than profit- driven Climate prevented cash-crops from being profitable –Less demand for slavery –Growth of + = “ ” Plantation slave system spread and grew

16. Eli Whitney’s Gun Factory Interchangeable Parts* Rifle

17. "The American System" 1815 Madison urged Congress to develop a plan to unify the country American System: –A, to provide easy and abundant credit –A (20-25%) The Tariff of 1816 –1st protective tariff –A Funded from tariff *President Madison vetoed the bill to give states aid for infrastructure –Felt intrastate projects were unconstitutional Would unite the US and make it self- sufficient

18. Cumberland (National Road), 1811

19. Conestoga Covered Wagons Conestoga Trail, 1820s

20. Erie Canal, 1820s Begun in 1817; completed in 1825

21. Erie Canal System

22. Robert Fulton & the Steamboat 1807: The Clermont

23. Principal Canals in 1840

24. Inland Freight Rates Be careful reading the Y axis!

25. Electoral vote: 183 to 34 States carried: 16 to 3 Popular vote: 76,592 to 34,740 Percentage: 68.2% to 30.9% 1816

26. The So-Called Era of Good Feelings The time during the administrations of President was known as the “ ” –political parties were getting along Democratic- Republican Party dominant

27. The Panic of 1819 and The Curse of Hard Times The was the first financial panic since President Washington took office Main cause was in frontier lands –“ ” western banks The BUS became a “financial devil” to western farmers –Foreclosed many farms