1. Cold War Chapter 26 Sections 1 and 2

2. Cold War What is a “Cold War”? What is a “Cold War”? What is the difference between this and a “Hot War”? What is the difference between this and a “Hot War”? What is the difference between a capitalist economy and a communist economy? What is the difference between a capitalist economy and a communist economy?

3. Cold War – Tensions Rise Cold War – bitter state of indirect conflict that existed between the U.S. and Soviet Union. Cold War – bitter state of indirect conflict that existed between the U.S. and Soviet Union. Reasons: Reasons: 1917 U.S. refuses to acknowledge Soviet Union as a new nation (until 1933). 1917 U.S. refuses to acknowledge Soviet Union as a new nation (until 1933). Soviets sign non-aggression pact with Hitler in 1939. Soviets sign non-aggression pact with Hitler in 1939. Delay of opening up the Western front. Delay of opening up the Western front. Tensions about the Atomic bomb. Tensions about the Atomic bomb.

4. Cold War – Tensions Rise More Reasons: More Reasons: Soviets want Western border countries sympathetic to their nation. Soviets want Western border countries sympathetic to their nation. Roosevelt vs. Truman’s view of “Uncle Joe” (Time mag. Man of the Year 1940) Roosevelt vs. Truman’s view of “Uncle Joe” (Time mag. Man of the Year 1940) Truman states “there isn’t any difference between the totalitarian Russian government and the Hitler government”. Truman states “there isn’t any difference between the totalitarian Russian government and the Hitler government”.

5. Truman Roosevelt’s death shocks American’s and Truman. Quote Roosevelt’s death shocks American’s and Truman. Quote “The buck stops here” and “If you can’t stand the heat, get out of the kitchen”. “The buck stops here” and “If you can’t stand the heat, get out of the kitchen”. Daughter gets a bad review. Quote Daughter gets a bad review. Quote

6. Iron Curtain Winston Churchill coins phrase (721). Winston Churchill coins phrase (721). Divides capitalist countries from communist. See map 720. Divides capitalist countries from communist. See map 720. Capitalist countries must prevent communism from spreading. Capitalist countries must prevent communism from spreading. http://cairsweb.llgc.org.uk/images/ilw1/ilw1094.gif

7. Containment Containment – U.S. policy not to let communism expand into any other countries. Containment – U.S. policy not to let communism expand into any other countries. From what you know about Truman what do you think his stance and philosophy would be on communism? From what you know about Truman what do you think his stance and philosophy would be on communism?

8. Containment Truman Doctrine – England could no longer aid Greece and Turkey. Truman sends money and aid to prevent them from turning to Soviet Union. Truman Doctrine – England could no longer aid Greece and Turkey. Truman sends money and aid to prevent them from turning to Soviet Union. Arthur Vandenberg of Michigan advises Truman to “scare the hell out of the country”. Arthur Vandenberg of Michigan advises Truman to “scare the hell out of the country”. $400 million sent to Greece and Turkey. $400 million sent to Greece and Turkey.

9. Containment Marshall Plan – Plan to help European countries recover from the war. Marshall Plan – Plan to help European countries recover from the war. 1948 approve plan, sent $13 billion in aid to Europe over the next four years. 1948 approve plan, sent $13 billion in aid to Europe over the next four years. NATO – North Atlantic Treaty Organization, 12 nations an attack on one is an attack on all. (U.S., France, G.B., Canada) NATO – North Atlantic Treaty Organization, 12 nations an attack on one is an attack on all. (U.S., France, G.B., Canada)

10. Containment 1949 China becomes communist nation as Mao Zedong takes over. 1949 China becomes communist nation as Mao Zedong takes over. This sets American policy for involvements in Korea and Vietnam. This sets American policy for involvements in Korea and Vietnam. NSC-68 – American policy to triple it’s defense budget (during a time of peace). NSC-68 – American policy to triple it’s defense budget (during a time of peace).

11. Cold War Chapter 26 Sections 3 and 4

12. Cold War Introduction pg. 728 Introduction pg. 728 End of WWII Japan gives up Korea – it is split at the 38 th parallel. End of WWII Japan gives up Korea – it is split at the 38 th parallel. North Korea invades S. Korea in 1950. North Korea invades S. Korea in 1950. U.S. goes to U.N. – U.N. will assist in restoring peace. U.S. goes to U.N. – U.N. will assist in restoring peace. See map pg. 729. See map pg. 729.

13. Korean War General Douglass MacArthur pushes N. all the way back to China. General Douglass MacArthur pushes N. all the way back to China. China enters war and pushes U.N. forces back to S. Korea. China enters war and pushes U.N. forces back to S. Korea. War ends in 1953 at almost exact same 38 th parallel line. War ends in 1953 at almost exact same 38 th parallel line. MacArthur fired, America can not see why 54,000 troops died for this war. MacArthur fired, America can not see why 54,000 troops died for this war. Military budget grows. 1950 1/3 1960 1/2 Military budget grows. 1950 1/3 1960 1/2

14. Vietnam Vietnam wants independence from France. Vietnam wants independence from France. Ho Chi Minh leads revolt. Ho Chi Minh leads revolt. Ho Chi Minh writes Truman for help. Ho Chi Minh writes Truman for help. America decides to support France. Domino Theory. America decides to support France. Domino Theory. 1954 Vietnamese win battle of Dien Bien Phu. 1954 Vietnamese win battle of Dien Bien Phu. Eventually Vietnam divided along 17 th parallel. Eventually Vietnam divided along 17 th parallel.

15. Cold War in the U.S. During depression, thousand joined communist party. During depression, thousand joined communist party. During the Cold War this comes back to haunt them. During the Cold War this comes back to haunt them. HUAC – House Un- American Activities Committee. HUAC – House Un- American Activities Committee.

16. HUAC Established to investigate disloyalty to the U.S. If we had HUAC today, who do you think would be considered “disloyal”? Established to investigate disloyalty to the U.S. If we had HUAC today, who do you think would be considered “disloyal”? Begin investigating movie industry. They argued movies had tremendous power to corrupt the American public. Begin investigating movie industry. They argued movies had tremendous power to corrupt the American public. 1947 call 19 Hollywood figures to testify. 1947 call 19 Hollywood figures to testify. “Are you now or have you ever been a member of the Communist party?” “Are you now or have you ever been a member of the Communist party?”

17. Hollywood Ten 10 refuse to testify. 10 refuse to testify. Charged with contempt of court. Charged with contempt of court. Thrown in jail for 6 months to a year. Thrown in jail for 6 months to a year. Start “blacklisting”. Start “blacklisting”. Movie industry changes, films become about pure entertainment rather than social issues. Movie industry changes, films become about pure entertainment rather than social issues.

18. Spies Scare the Nation Alger Hiss – state department official, accused of being communist, then of being a spy. Sent to prison for 4 years. Alger Hiss – state department official, accused of being communist, then of being a spy. Sent to prison for 4 years. Julius and Ethel Rosenberg – accused of giving atomic secrets to the Soviets. Convicted and executed. First U.S. civilians to be executed for espionage. Julius and Ethel Rosenberg – accused of giving atomic secrets to the Soviets. Convicted and executed. First U.S. civilians to be executed for espionage.

19. Joseph McCarthy Claimed he had a list of 205 known Communists working in the Gov. Claimed he had a list of 205 known Communists working in the Gov. Leads to “Red Scare”. Leads to “Red Scare”. Impacts the entire nation as fear grips society. Impacts the entire nation as fear grips society. Could not question government or else. Could not question government or else. http://kpatel1.typepad.com/photos/1950s_album/3_mccarthy.jpg

20. Homework In the late 1940’s and early 1950’s the film and television industries were often a target of investigation by the House Un- American Activities Committee (HUAC). Get into a group of 3 or 4 and come up with 3 movies that might be considered “un-American” and 3 that would be considered good for the country. Explain your answers. In the late 1940’s and early 1950’s the film and television industries were often a target of investigation by the House Un- American Activities Committee (HUAC). Get into a group of 3 or 4 and come up with 3 movies that might be considered “un-American” and 3 that would be considered good for the country. Explain your answers.

21. Homework After 9-11 society has changed. Airport security is tighter, homeland security has increased, etc. Do we have a red scare today? Are their people or groups who are being targeted today? Do you feel that your civil liberties have been impacted? Is this a good thing to protect the country? After 9-11 society has changed. Airport security is tighter, homeland security has increased, etc. Do we have a red scare today? Are their people or groups who are being targeted today? Do you feel that your civil liberties have been impacted? Is this a good thing to protect the country?