2. What is a clause?  A clause is a group of related words. A clause has both a subject and a predicate. There are two types of clauses.

3. Independent Clause  Independent Clause - An independent clause contains both a subject and predicate and makes sense. (a sentence.)  Here is an example: We walk to school.  This sentence expresses a complete thought and can stand alone.

4. Dependent Clause  Dependent Clause - A dependent clause has both a subject and predicate, but cannot stand alone as a sentence.  Here is an example: when the cake is done baking when the cake is done baking  This clause does not express a complete thought and cannot stand alone.

5. Practice!  1. when Mr. Jones yelled  2. I enjoy the opera  3. unless it comes today  4. although I lost the library book

6. More Practice…  5. they're going on a picnic  6. mom found it in the drawer  7. the fifth graders sang  8. when the movie is over

7. Sentence Patterns for simple and complex sentences  Independent clause (simple)  Ind Dep(complex)  Dep, Ind(complex)  Ind, dep, ind(complex)

8. The first type of dependent clause begins with a subordinating conjunction  Look in your textbook for a complete list of subordinating conjunctions. Some common ones are: after, although, because, before, since, though, unless, until, when, while, whenever

9. Dependent clauses attach to independent clauses and move around the sentence.  Because I went to the clinic, the nurse gave me medicine. The nurse gave me medicine because I went to the clinic.

10. The second type of dependent clause begins with a Relative Pronoun Relative pronouns act as the subject of a dependent clause: that, which, who, whom, whose April, which is my favorite month, is going to be cold this year.

11. Identify each dependent clause:  1. Because he memorized a poem, Mike will receive extra credit.  2. When the rain stops, the game will begin.  3. I can’t go to the store since I don’t have any money.  4. I am going to the movies with Nikki who is my best friend.  5. The puppy, that we got last week, is cute.

12. Independent work  Now it’s time to try on your own. Complete workbook pages 157, 158.  Ind/Dep clause test Friday!  If you need extra help, please schedule time before school.