1. Chapter 27 Reproduction and Embryonic Development (Ch. 18)  Both sexes in humans have –a set of gonads where gametes are produced, –ducts for gamete transport, and –structures for copulation including the penis and the vulva surrounding the vaginal opening. © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

2. 27.3 The human female reproductive system  Ovaries contain follicles that –Surround and nurture eggs and when egg is ejected remaining surrounding tissue forms the corpus luteum –Follicles and corpus luteum produce sex hormones.  An immature egg is ejected from the follicle in a process called ovulation. © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

3. 27.3 The human female reproductive system  Oviducts convey eggs to the uterus where a fertilized egg develops.  The uterus, which thickens its endometrium monthly and breaks down causing menstruation if an embryo does not develop, opens into the vagina through the cervix.  The vagina –receives the penis during sexual intercourse and –forms the birth canal. © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

4. Figure 27.3A Follicles Oviduct Ovaries Corpus luteum Wall of uterus Endometrium (lining of uterus) Vagina Uterus Cervix (“neck” of uterus)

5. Figure 27.3B Ovary Egg cell

6. 27.3 The human female reproductive system  The external female genitalia are collectively called the vulva and consist of skin folds that surround the vagina called labia minora and labia majora  The clitoris plays a role in female sexual arousal © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

7. Figure 27.3C Oviduct Ovary Uterus Urinary bladder (excretory system) Pubic bone (skeletal system) Urethra (excretory system) Shaft Prepuce Glans Clitoris Vulva Labia minora Labia majora Vaginal opening Vagina Cervix Anus (digestive system) Rectum (digestive system)

8. 27.4 The human male reproductive system  Testes (singular, testis) produce –sperm and –male hormones.  The epididymis stores sperm as they develop further and the vas deferens leads to the urethra.  Several glands contribute fluids to semen. These are the –seminal vesicles (sugar solution), –prostate gland (nutrient and alkakline solution), and –bulbourethral glands (alkaline mucous). © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

9. Figure 27.4A Seminal vesicle (behind bladder) Urethra Scrotum Glans of penis Testis Epididymis Vas deferens Erectile tissue of penis Bulbourethral gland Prostate gland Urinary bladder (excretory system)

10. Figure 27.4B Testicle Scrotum Testis Epididymis Vas deferens Bulbourethral gland Prostate gland Ejaculatory duct Vas deferens Seminal vesicle Rectum (digestive system) Anus (digestive system) Urinary bladder (excretory system) Pubic bone (skeletal system) Urethra (excretory system) Erectile tissue Penis Glans of penis Prepuce

11. 27.4 The human male reproductive system  During ejaculation –sperm is expelled from the epididymis, –the seminal vesicles, prostate, and bulbourethral glands secrete into the urethra, and –semen is formed and expelled from the penis.  Sperm production –is regulated by hormones in testes © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

12. 27.15 The embryo and placenta  Pregnancy, or gestation, is the carrying of developing young within the uterus.  Human pregnancy –Averages 40 weeks (9 months) from the start of the last menstrual period.  Embryonic development begins with fertilization, –the union of sperm and egg form a diploid zygote which becomes the embryo (chapter 18) and is in a fluid filled amnion. It is surrounded by the placenta and by the 9 th week is called a fetus having the major human features. © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.