1. Security policy training course Sofia, Bulgaria

2. Dr Anne Deighton Geneva Centre for Security Policy and Oxford University

3. European security architecture: an overview Do institutions matter? What is the challenge of ‘ad hocery’

4. Institutions, especially EU, NATO, OSCE, CoE. Essentially European in character, in a world of global and subregional institutions States Non-state actors Ideas and values

5. The institutional web or architecture Institutions are conservative: slow, path- dependent, predictable, rule-bound (whether they are international or state- based) When they work, they deliver institutional security…

6. States and Institutions States shape institutions, but are also shaped by institutions How and why the size of the state matters: differences between eg NATO and the EU

7. Non-governmental organisations Brussels the lobbying centre of Europe Peak group influence Charities

8. Ideas and values Multi-lateralism Assumptions Value rules…joining the club

9. Characteristics of European institutional architecture

10. Institutions can compete and overlap…and are shaped by other institutions Institutions can be hierarchical

11. Institutions can be functionally autonomous Institutions can die or be shut down (WEU)

12. The challenge of ‘ad hocery’ Within an institution: too many special exceptions to institutional rules

13. The challenge of ‘ad hocery’ ‘the mission determines the coalition’ Defection by states if institution fails to be attractive. Alternative poles of attraction

14. Significance for Bulgaria? Institutions are shaping domestic policies Condemned to succeed in a multilateral world

15. Significance for Bulgaria Prioritising institutions Playing the institutional game. Brussels - multi-dimensional chess. Languages. Playing the state-partner game

16. Integration: what for? Mutual control for mutual progress Institutional cooperation Supranational: functional/systemic Upgrading the common interest Hard headed politics with a fuzzy vision