1. © Prentice Hall, 2005Business In Action 3eChapter 7 - 1 Organizing and Working in Teams

2. © Prentice Hall, 2005Business In Action 3eChapter 7 - 2 Effective Organization Structure Divide responsibilities Distribute authority Coordinate and control work Promote accountability

3. © Prentice Hall, 2005Business In Action 3eChapter 7 - 3 Organization Chart Formal organization Informal organization

4. © Prentice Hall, 2005Business In Action 3eChapter 7 - 4 Organization Chart for Food Lion Grocery Chain Board of Directors President & CEO Chairperson VP Human Resources Senior VP Operations VP MIS VP Finance VP Special Projects VP Marketing VP Advertising VP Store Planning Regional Supervisors Area Supervisors Regional Operations Area Supervisors Regional Operations Area Supervisors VP Grocery Operations VP Perishable Operations VP Bakery Operations

5. © Prentice Hall, 2005Business In Action 3eChapter 7 - 5 Work Specialization Advantages –Efficiency –Productivity Disadvantages –Boredom –Alienation

6. © Prentice Hall, 2005Business In Action 3eChapter 7 - 6 Chain of Command Responsibility Accountability Authority Delegation

7. © Prentice Hall, 2005Business In Action 3eChapter 7 - 7 Simplified Line-and-Staff Structure Chain of command –Line organization –Line-and-staff organization

8. © Prentice Hall, 2005Business In Action 3eChapter 7 - 8 Span of Management Flat organizations Tall organizations

9. © Prentice Hall, 2005Business In Action 3eChapter 7 - 9 Decision-Making Authority Centralized –Top-level management Rich experience Broad experience Decentralized –Lower-level management More responsive Faster decisions

10. © Prentice Hall, 2005Business In Action 3eChapter 7 - 10 Organizing the Workforce Departmentalization –Function –Division –Network –Matrix –Hybrid

11. © Prentice Hall, 2005Business In Action 3eChapter 7 - 11 Departmentalization by Function Job skills Resource use Job requirements

12. © Prentice Hall, 2005Business In Action 3eChapter 7 - 12 Functional Departments Disadvantages Departmental BarriersDepartmental Barriers Slow Response TimeSlow Response Time Ineffective PlanningIneffective Planning Over SpecializationOver Specialization Advantages Resource AllocationResource Allocation Unified DirectionUnified Direction Improved CoordinationImproved Coordination Better CommunicationBetter Communication

13. © Prentice Hall, 2005Business In Action 3eChapter 7 - 13 Departmentalization by Division Products Processes Geography Customers

14. © Prentice Hall, 2005Business In Action 3eChapter 7 - 14 Departmentalization by Division AdvantagesDisadvantages Flexibility Better Service Management Focus Wasting Resources Poor Coordination Divisional Competition

15. © Prentice Hall, 2005Business In Action 3eChapter 7 - 15 Departmentalization by Matrix Advantages –Skills and expertise –Resource use Disadvantages –Reporting issues –Authority issues –Interpersonal conflicts

16. © Prentice Hall, 2005Business In Action 3eChapter 7 - 16 Departmentalization by Network AdvantagesDisadvantages Flexibility Responsiveness Variety Dispersed Functions Quality Control Employee Loyalty

17. © Prentice Hall, 2005Business In Action 3eChapter 7 - 17 Hybrid Structure Products Processes Geography Customers

18. © Prentice Hall, 2005Business In Action 3eChapter 7 - 18 Comparing Work Groups and Work Teams Goals Synergy Responsibility Skills

19. © Prentice Hall, 2005Business In Action 3eChapter 7 - 19 Workplace Teams Problem-solving Self-managed Functional

20. © Prentice Hall, 2005Business In Action 3eChapter 7 - 20 Types of Cross-Functional Teams Permanent circles Task forces Committees Special purpose

21. © Prentice Hall, 2005Business In Action 3eChapter 7 - 21 Virtual Teams vManagement abilities vTechnological expertise vCross-cultural skills vInterpersonal awareness

22. © Prentice Hall, 2005Business In Action 3eChapter 7 - 22 Working in Teams Advantages  Higher-quality decisions  Improved commitment  Creativity & motivation  Flexibility Disadvantages  Power realignment  Free riders  Increased costs  Groupthink

23. © Prentice Hall, 2005Business In Action 3eChapter 7 - 23 Characteristics of Effective Teams Appropriate size and structure Clear sense of purpose Open honest communication Creative thinking Focused efforts Decision by consensus

24. © Prentice Hall, 2005Business In Action 3eChapter 7 - 24 Team Development Forming Storming Norming Performing Adjourning

25. © Prentice Hall, 2005Business In Action 3eChapter 7 - 25 Stages of Development Cohesiveness Meeting attendance Interaction Work quality Goal achievement Norms Behavior Limits Values Expectations

26. © Prentice Hall, 2005Business In Action 3eChapter 7 - 26 Causes of Team Conflict Competition for scarce resources Responsibility issues Poor communication Values, attitudes, and personalities Authority issues Goal incompatibility

27. © Prentice Hall, 2005Business In Action 3eChapter 7 - 27 Dealing With Conflict Resolution –Avoidance –Confrontation –Diffusion Prevention –Clear goals –Well-defined tasks –Communication

28. © Prentice Hall, 2005Business In Action 3eChapter 7 - 28 Team Meetings Clarify the purpose Select participants Clarify and focus on the agenda Follow the rules Promote participation Close effectively