1. Georgia Institute of Technology Air Quality Impacts from Airport Related Emissions: Atlanta Case Study M. Talat Odman Georgia Institute of Technology School of Civil & Environmental Engineering Atlanta, GA

2. Georgia Institute of Technology History NASA (Glenn) funded UMR’s COE for Aerospace Particulate Emissions Reduction Research In 2003, we got funded to complement NASA’s Aviation Particle Emissions research We studied the air quality impact of Atlanta International Airport In 2005, we published our results in Atmospheric Environment ( 39 : 5787–5798) –“Airport related emissions and impacts on air quality: Application to the Atlanta International Airport” by A. Unal, Y. Hu, M. E. Chang, M. T. Odman, A. G. Russell Since then, there have been several studies to characterize commercial aircraft emissions, particularly PM –APEX campaign series –Delta Atlanta Hartsfield study

3. Georgia Institute of Technology Objectives Improve emissions estimation and processing for aircrafts –PM 2.5 estimation –Temporal and spatial distribution Determine the impact of aircraft emissions on regional air quality for PM 2.5 and O 3 –Hartsfield-Jackson International Airport –Annual LTO > 420,000

4. Georgia Institute of Technology Hartsfield-Jackson Airport Grid domains (12-km and 4-km)

5. Georgia Institute of Technology Emissions Inventory Fall Line Air Quality Study (August 11-20, 2000) –Meteorological data –Emissions data (EDMS 4.01) First Order Approximation (FOA) for PM 2.5 Developed by FAA (Wayson and Fleming, 2003)

6. Georgia Institute of Technology Emissions Inventory PM 2.5 Estimation (Characteristic Value) –International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) database SN and FF for different aircraft and engine types –Used characteristic value SN –70 tons/year PM 2.5

7. Georgia Institute of Technology Emissions Inventory PM 2.5 Estimation (Mode Specific) –Used mode specific values SN available mostly for takeoff –Established statistical relation b/w takeoff and other modes (climb-out, approach, idle) –27 tons/year PM 2.5

8. Georgia Institute of Technology Emissions Inventory Pollutant Aircraft Characteristic Value (Tons/year) Aircraft Mode Specific (Tons/year) GSE (Tons/year) CO5204 584 NO X 4910 343 SO 2 473 46 VOC1013 43 PM 10 1016230 PM 2.5 7027

9. Georgia Institute of Technology Emissions Processing Annual PM Emissions Annual Gas Emissions Temporal Distribution Spatial Distribution Speciation Air Quality Model Ready Emissions

10. Georgia Institute of Technology Emissions Processing Composition of PM 2.5 emissions (%) ECOCSO 4 NO 3 65.8729.214.600.32

11. Georgia Institute of Technology Aircraft Impact: Ozone Characteristic Value Mode Specific Maximum sensitivity of regional concentrations to aircraft emissions

12. Georgia Institute of Technology Aircraft Impact: PM 2.5 Characteristic Value Mode Specific Maximum sensitivity of regional concentrations to aircraft emissions

13. Georgia Institute of Technology GSE Impact Ozone PM 2.5 Maximum sensitivity of regional concentrations to GSE emissions

14. Georgia Institute of Technology Summary Detailed assessment of PM 2.5 emissions with improved emissions processing Maximum impact on ozone: –56 ppb (Characteristic Value) –20 ppb (Mode Specific) Maximum impact on PM 2.5 : –25 μg/m 3 (Characteristic Value) –4.4 μg/m 3 (Mode Specific)

15. Georgia Institute of Technology Summary Results are for the modeled episode (August 11-20, 2000): Impacts at other times may be more or less Distribution of emissions spatially (compared to dumping in the airport grid cell(s) at the ground level) impacts ozone and PM 2.5 significantly GSE impact on ozone and PM 2.5 : –Lower –More local

16. Georgia Institute of Technology Acknowledgements Dr. Tom Nissalke, Director of Environment & Technology, Hartsfield- Jackson Atlanta International Airport Mr. Doug Strachan of Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport Dr. Steven Baughcum of Boeing Company Mr. Curtis Holsclaw, Manager of Emissions Division, Federal Aviation Administration, Ms. Debbie Calevich-Wilson of Kimley-Horn and Associates, Inc. Ms. Julie Draper of the Office of Environment and Energy, Federal Aviation Administration Dr. Chowen Wey of NASA Glenn NASA Glenn for financial support.

17. Georgia Institute of Technology

18. Aircraft Impact – Mode Specific O3O3 PM 2.5 Average sensitivity of regional concentrations to aircraft emissions

19. Georgia Institute of Technology Aircraft Impact – Mode Specific O3O3 PM 2.5 Maximum Sensitivity of regional concentrations to spatial distribution of aircraft emissions Difference Plot of Default – 3D Spatial Distributed Emissions

20. Georgia Institute of Technology Aircraft Impact – Mode Specific Average Sensitivity of regional concentrations to spatial distribution of aircraft emissions O3O3 PM 2.5 Difference Plot of Default – 3D Spatial Distributed Emissions