1. Repair and Strengthening of Concrete Bridges and other Structures

2. Examples of Repair Methods
Masonry structures: Pinning for arch ring separation, concrete fill of spandrel walls, crack injection, etc.
Concrete structures: Surface protection, protection of steel reinforcement, etc.
Steel structures: repair of corrosion, cracks, distortion, etc.
Wrought and cast iron: stiffening, stitching, etc.

3. Masonry structures Nagasaki Meganebashi (Japan) Pont du Gard (France)
Royal Border Rail Bridge (UK)

4. Masonry pinning

5. Tying of longitudinal cracks in arch ring

6. Mass concrete/ reinforced earth fill of spandrel walls

7. Grouted fill of spandrel walls

8. Crack injection system

9. Epoxy Injection

10. Typical hand-applied concrete repairs

11. Application of fluid concrete to a beam element

12. Plan on column to be repaired

13. Strengthening Methods
Steel plate bonding
External post-tensioning
Composite plate bonding
FRP (CFRP) wraps

14. Typical plate bonding application

15. Shear stress distribution in a steel plated RC beam

16. Peeling failure of a plated RC beam

17. Strengthening of RC slab with steel plates

18. Providing continuity in plates

19. Working platform and support system for plate bonding

20. Alternative plate bonding solutions

21. Example of strengthening with external post-tensioning (1)

22. Example of strengthening with external post-tensioning (2)

23. Example of strengthening with external post-tensioning (3)

24. Examples post-tensioning of trusses

25. Example of FRP application on a RC beam

26. Comparison of stress-strain characteristics of steel and carbon

27. Fiber-reinforced Polymer (FRP) Composites

28. Advantages of FRP

29. Role of FRP in Rehabilitation

30. FRP Strengthening Methods

31. FRP Strengthening Methods (1)

32. FRP Strengthening Methods (2)

34. Mode of failure of beams

35. Example of FRP application on a RC column

36. Application methods of FRP wraps to columns
Wrapping of fabric
Winding of strips
Use of composite cables/strips
Bonding of prefabricated shells
Automated winding
Resin infusion

37. Installation of laminates to the soffit of RC bridge decks

38. Wrapping of a CFRP fabric to a circular column

39. Applying FRP strip on RC beam

40. CFRP shear reinforcement