1. Transcendentalism

2. An American Literary, political, and philosophical movement in the 19 th century Authors and artist criticized their contemporary society for its unthinking and urged each individual to find their independent relationship with the Universe. Henry David Thoreau-nonviolent protest, refusal to pay taxes

3. Emily Dickinson Prolific American poet most of her 1,800 poems published after her death A very unconventional style

4. Walt Whitman Poet, journalist, essayist. Poetry collection Leaves of Grass controversial for its subject matter. Considered the Father of Free Verse

5. Nathanial Hawthorne Novelist and writer of the Romantic movement, often wrote on subjects of morality such as The Scarlet Letter https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sIo0R6FF f9I https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sIo0R6FF f9I

6. Edgar Allan Poe Author and poet of the Romantic Movement, best known for his tales of mystery and the macabre https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=envukur1q3I

7. James Fenimore Cooper Romantic movement novelist, The Last Mohicans, historical novel

8. Herman Melville Wrote Moby Dick, Romantic movement writer and poet https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vWU5qv GEKZM https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vWU5qv GEKZM

9. Art John James Audubon- drew American wildlife, accurate drawings of American Birds, his notes made significant contributions to ornithology and natural history Hudson River School Artist- depict American landscapes, three themes: discovery, exploration, and settlement

10. Audubon

11. Hudson River School

12. Music Spirituals from enslaved African Americans and gospel music “Battle Hymn of the Republic”-beginning of civil war https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7oFcFzJT 7Tw https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7oFcFzJT 7Tw