1. BTMIL4 Heavy metals in the soil environment

3. Metal Deficiency Normal growth Toxicity Heavy metal and effect on plants grown in substrate solution. The concentration is mg/L in the substrate solution.

4. ( ) 1 1) Aluminum density 2,7 g/cm 3

5. Key mechanisms that control the distribution of metals between soil water and particle phases. From McLean & Bledsoe, 1992.

6. pH dependant reaction: Me(OH) x ↔ Me x+ + x OH - Me x+ compete with H 3 O + on soil particles (cation exchange)

7. In EU. From: EEA – 3rd env. assessment, 2003. http://reports.eea.eu.int/environmental_assessment_report_2003_10/en/kiev_chapt_0 9.pdf

8. Heavy metal atmospheric deposits in Denmark 1984: Unleaded gasoline introduced. 1994: Lead is removed from gasoline Atm. dep. of Lead in the 60’ties approx 50.000 – 60.000 μg/m 2 /year Data from Danish EPA (Miljøstyrelsen). Miljøprojekt 663 “kortlægning af diffuse jordforurening I byområder” (2002)

9. Heavy metal non-point source deposits in Denmark “Kunstgødning” : mineral fertiliser “Spildevandsslam” : Sludge from wastewater treatment plants Quality criteria DK. Lead (Pb): 40. Arsenic (As) 20. Cadmium (Cd): 0.5 [ mg / Kg DW] With the present deposition rate it take from 14 to 70 year to increase the 30 cm topsoil metal content with 1 % compared to the present level.

10. Arsenic (As) in Danish soil. (red. 10 mg/kg yellow 5 mg/l dark green 0 mg/kg) From DMU, 1992 survey: http://www.dmu.dk/Jord/Tungmetaller+i+danske+jorde/Kort+over+tun gmetaller+i+Danmark/Arsen/

11. Data from www. http://www.grida.no/soeno98/contam/press2.htm Lead in humuslayer of Norwegian natural soils.

12. pC = -Log(C)