2. CHARACTERISTICS OF MATTER

3. Building Blocks of Matter Atoms – smallest part of an element that still maintains the properties of that element Molecules – smallest part of a compounds that still maintains the properties of that compound

4. Building blocks continued Elements – pure substance, periodic table, made of one kind of atom ( C, Na, H, He, O) Compounds – 2 or more elements chemically bonded to form a new substance with different properties.

5. Subatomic particles Nucleus contains protons(+) and neutrons(neutral) Electrons(-) orbit nucleus

6. Variations of matter Isotopes – same element with a different size nucleus, different # of neutrons Ion – electrons lost or gained causing the atom to have a + or - charge

7. Chemical Properties Describes how one substance changes or reacts w/another Examples: Supports burning, rusts, flammable, tarnishes,

8. Physical Properties all matter has Mass – the amount of matter in an object Volume – the amount of space an object takes up Density – the amount of volume in a given space

9. More about Density Used to identify matter Units are g/ml Derived quantity based on volume and mass Less dense objects float on more dense objects

10. Phases of Matter Solids–molecules close Liquids – molecules less close Gases – molecules farther apart Plasma – stars and fire, molecules move very fast

11. States of Matter

12. Specific Properties Freezing point – temp. substance freezes Boiling point – temp. it boils Condensing pt.(gas->liquid) Melting pt.

13. Matter can change Phases Melting Freezing Condensing Evaporating

14. Mixtures Two or more substances physically combined and does not change the properties of either substance Examples: dissolved sugar, mixed salad,or sand, salt and water