1. Ch. 9 Oregon Country

2. Current Issues United States and Canada Border
p. 188
The U.S. and Canada share the longest demilitarized border in the world.
Major trading partners (500 billion+)
1999-Ressam (Al-Qaeda) passing through to Port Angeles.
September 11, 2001
Issue: Tougher border restrictions vs. importance of economic relationship

4. Oregon Country: Land 1542 - 1872 Treaties San Juan Islands?
Spain, Great Britain, Russia, and the U.S. wanted political and economic control. But who had the rights?
Treaties
Spain dropped claims in 1819
Russia dropped claims in 1824
Treaty of Oregon Country (1846) will peacefully settle the territorial claims between Great Britain and the U.S.
San Juan Islands?
1872 Pig War Dispute

5. Spanish Claims Loss of Claims Gave up claims in Oregon Coutnry in 1819
1st to Oregon
Line of Demarcation
Loss of Claims
Only explored the coast and therefore did not discover many important landmarks
Gave up claims in Oregon Coutnry in 1819
Adams-Ones Treaty--42nd parallel (Mexico)

9. Russian Claims Russia attempts to make greater claims! Monroe Doctrine
Only claim land if you are already there
Great Britain backed up President Monroe
Russia gave up claims in 1824
Alaska
1867: Russia sold Alaska to the U.S. for $7.2 million

11. America Explored the Interior of the Oregon Country
Robert Gray: Mouth of the Columbia
Lewis and Clark ( )
Permanent settlements at Ft. Astoria and Ft. Okanogan
Now had strong claims to the territory

12. Britain Extensive Exploration in Northern Oregon Country
George Vancouver’s expeditions
Also had many permanent settlements in the area

13. Border Control Treaty of Ghent Treaty of Ghent:
Ended the War of 1812 between US and Great Britain
Treaty of Ghent:
Established international boundary: 49th parallel
Convention of 1818 (result of Treaty of Ghent)
Oregon Country jointly occupied for ten years
Problem in HOW to divide not WHO should get it.

15. Ch. 9 Part I End Monday Notes End
Begin working on Ch Book WS (individually)

16. Propositions US Britain (Canada in 1867) 49th parallel extended
Included southern tip of Vancouver Island
Britain (Canada in 1867)
Columbia River
N and W of Columbia River

18. Settling the Dispute Treaty of Oregon (1846)
Necessary because of influx of settlers.
Britain kept all of Vancouver Island, but 49th parallel extended.
“Treaty of Oregon was signed in London, setting the boundary on the 49thparallel, from the Rocky Mountains "to the middle of the channel which separates the continent from Vancouver's Island” then south through the channel to the Strait of Juan de Fuca and west to the Pacific Ocean.”
Oregon Country…political and economic claims settled!?

19. “…to the middle of the channel which separates the continent from Vancouver's Island” then south through the channel to the Strait of Juan de Fuca and west to the Pacific Ocean”

21. The San Juan Debate Who owns the San Juans?
What Strait established the international border?
Haro Strait (America)
Rosario Strait (British)
Pig War
Lyman Cutler (American) shot and killed a pig belonging to Charles Griffin (British)
So, who was to settle this dispute? America? Britain?
Military occupation on Friday Harbor
Settled by Kaiser Wilhelm I of Germany
Haro Strait!! But, U.S. paid British $650,000

22. Haro vs. Rosario

23. The Border: Friendly!
Are the lines drawn fairly for the Canadian/U.S. Border?
Why/why not?
If you believe they should be changed, how would you change them?

24. Chapter 10: Indian Wars

25. 1847-1877 (30 Years) Start: End What happened in 1847?
Sparked by Whitman Massacre
End
What happened in 1877?
Nez Perce Retreat (Chief Joseph)

26. Conflict Land takeover without fair compensation Diseases
Forced removal
Forced reservations
Diseases
Cultural differences:
Language
Changing ways of Natives
Religious differences

27. Conflict, cont. Disagreement of fishing/hunting/water rights
Competition for food
Differences in government
Decision making & Authority

28. Major Wars 1846: Treaty of Oregon—Extending 49th Parallel
: Cayuse War (Whitman Massacre)
: Yakama Wars
Yakama vs. Settlers & American government.
These wars were so violent that the region was closed to settlement. This played a large role in the delay of Washington gaining Statehood

29. Wars, cont. 1859-1872: Pig War 1877: Nez Perce Retreat
Nez Perce were the friendliest and largest tribe
Aided Lewis and Clark
Protected Spaldings during Cayuse Wars
Protected Governor Isaac Stevens during Cayuse and Yakama wars.
1877: General Howard forcefully removed them to the Lapwai reservation

30. Ch. 11 Washington State Government Timeline

31. 1542-1846 1542-1819 Spain’s Political Claims to Oregon Country
U.S.’s claims to Oregon Country
Russia’s Claims to Oregon Country
Great Britain’s Claims to Oregon Country
Spain’s Political Claims to Oregon Country
Spain laid political claims to Oregon Country
Great Britain laid political claims to Oregon Country
Russia laid claims to Oregon Country
U.S. laid claims to Oregon Country

32. Territory Timeline:
1846: Treaty of Oregon establishes 49th parallel as international boundary in Pacific Northwest
1848(-1859): Oregon Country becomes a Territory
1859: Oregon becomes 33rd State
1889: Washington Admitted as 42nd state
: Washington breaks from Oregon Territory to become Washington Territory

33. 1848(-1859): Oregon becomes a Territory
1889: Washington Admitted as 42nd state
Why did it take 36 years!?
*Law said to become a state you needed a population of 125,00.
Why was WA’s population so low?
*Indian Conflict
*No Transcontinental Railroad: difficult for people to get there
: Washington breaks from Oregon Territory to become Washington Territory
Why?
*Population
*Different political needs
*Capital too far away