1. Animals and Human LAnguage

2. Communicative and informative signals
Intentional vs. unintentional

3. Distinctions between human language and animal communication
Displacement

4. Distinctions between human language and animal communication
Arbitrariness

5. Distinctions between human language and animal communication
Productivity

6. Distinctions between human language and animal communication
Cultural transmission

7. Distinctions between human language and animal communication
Duality

8. Talking to animals
Chimpanzees and language: Gua→ understand 100 words → did not say any of them
Viki →scientists spent 5 years to get her say E words → managed to produce some words, rather poorly articulated versions of mama, papa, and cup.

9. Washoe → use version of ASL → by three and a half years → she came to use signs for more than 100 words → she could even combine these signs and produce sentences.
Sarah → use plastic shapes to communicate with humans → the plastic shapes represented words and could be arranged in sequence to build sentences →able to produce sentences and understand complex structures.

10. Lana →learned a language called Yerkish → aset of symbols on a large keyboard linked to a computer. When Lana wanted some water, she had to press four symbols, in the correct sequence, to produce the message please machine give water
criticism

11. The controversy Herbert Terrace
Chimpanzees produce signs in response to the demands of people
Conditional response to cues provided by human trainers
Response: experiments were conducted by eliciting responses
Animals reported to use sign language with or with no human presence

12. Home assignments
Study questions 1 to 5