1. NOUNS

2. What is a noun?

3. What is a noun? A noun is a word we use to name people,
places and things.

4. There are six kinds of noun in English

5. There are six kinds of noun in English
Common nouns:
dog,man,table.

6. There are six kinds of noun in English
Common nouns:dog,man,table.
Proper nouns:
France,Madrid,Tom.

7. There are six kinds of noun in English
Common nouns:dog,man,table.
Proper nouns:France,Madrid,Tom.
Abstract nouns:
beauty,charity,courage,
fear.

8. There are six kinds of noun in English
Common nouns:dog,man,table.
Proper nouns:France,Madrid,Tom.
Abstract nouns:beauty,charity,courage,fear.
Concrete nouns:
school,car,computer.

9. There are six kinds of noun in English
Common nouns:dog,man,table.
Proper nouns:France,Madrid,Tom.
Abstract nouns:beauty,charity,courage,fear.
Concrete nouns:school,car,computer.
Collective nouns:
crowd,group,team,family.

10. There are six kinds of noun in English
Common nouns:dog,man,table.
Proper nouns:France,Madrid,Tom.
Abstract nouns:beauty,charity,courage,fear.
Concrete nouns:school,car,computer.
Collective nouns:crowd,group,team,family.
Compound nouns:
boy-friend,travel agent,
Picture frame,grasshopper.

11. Nouns can be countable or uncountable.
Nouns can be countable or uncountable

12. COUNTABLE NOUNS

13. Countable nouns are,for example:
dog,umbrella,girl,job.

14. Countable nouns are,for example:dog,umbrella,girl,job.
Countable nouns are things we can count.We can make them plural.two dogs,six umbrellas,some girls.

15. Countable nouns are,for example:dog,umbrella,girl,job.
Countable nouns are things we can count.We can make them plural.two dogs,six umbrellas,some girls.
Before singular countable nouns you can use a/an.

16. Countable nouns are,for example:dog,umbrella,girl,job.
Countable nouns are things we can count.We can make them plural.two dogs,six umbrellas,some girls.
Before singular countable nouns you can use a/an.
Do you need an umbrella?

17. You cannot use singular countable nouns alone.
Countable nouns are,for example:dog,umbrella,girl,job.
Countable nouns are things we can count.We can make them plural.two dogs,six umbrellas,some girls.
Before singular countable nouns you can use a/an.
Do you need an umbrella?
You cannot use singular countable nouns alone.
(without a/an/the/my/this,etc.)

18. I am looking for a job. Look at the dog!
Countable nouns are,for example:dog,umbrella,girl,job.
Countable nouns are things we can count.We can make them plural.two dogs,six umbrellas,some girls.
Before singular countable nouns you can use a/an.
Do you need an umbrella?
You cannot use singular countable nouns alone.
(without a/an/the/my/this,etc.)
I am looking for a job.
Look at the dog!

19. UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS

20. UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS
Uncountable nouns are things we cannot count.They have no plural.
You cannot say musics or bloods.

21. Uncountable nouns are,for example:
gold,blood,music,
excitement.

22. Many nouns can be used as countable or uncountable nouns
Many nouns can be used as countable or uncountable nouns.Usually there is a difference.

23. I bought a paper.(a newspaper) I bought some paper.
For example;
I bought a paper.(a newspaper)
I bought some paper.
There is a hair in my soup!
( a single hair)
She has beautiful hair.

24. SOME UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS
gold,music,blood,paper,hair,advice, bread,cheese,milk,coffee,tea,behavier, chaos, courage, dirt, evidence, fun, furniture, harm, health, homework, information, luck,luggage, money, mud, news, nonsense, pay, permission,poetry, pollution, progress, research, sunshine, travel,weather,work,sand,ice,oil,dust, soap,stone,wood,wine,water,.

25. SINGULAR OR PLURAL?

26. We use some nouns only in the plural:

27. For example: police,clothes pyjamas
You can also use a pair of … with these words.

28. PLURAL NOUNS

29. FINAL –S OR -ES

30. PLURAL NOUNS NOUN + -S: Friends are important.
NOUN + -ES: I like my classes.
A final -s or -es is added to a noun to make the noun plural.

31. PLURAL NOUNS
Song songs

32. PLURAL NOUNS Song songs
The plural of most nouns is formed by adding final -s.

33. Box boxes
Final -es is added to nouns that end in -sh, -ch, -s, -z, -x,-o

34. Box boxes
Final -es is added to nouns that end in -sh, -ch, -s, -z, -x,-o
brush

35. Box boxes
Final -es is added to nouns that end in -sh, -ch, -s, -z, -x,-o
brushes

36. Box boxes
Final -es is added to nouns that end in -sh, -ch, -s, -z, -x,-o
brushes
church

37. Box boxes
Final -es is added to nouns that end in -sh, -ch, -s, -z, -x,-o
brushes
churches

38. Box boxes
Final -es is added to nouns that end in -sh, -ch, -s, -z, -x,-o
brushes
churches
bus

39. Box boxes
Final -es is added to nouns that end in -sh, -ch, -s, -z, -x,-o
brushes
churches
buses

40. Box boxes
Final -es is added to nouns that end in -sh, -ch, -s, -z, -x,-o
brushes
churches
buses
But words of foreign origin or abreviated words ending in o
add –s only
photos pianos kilos kimonos

41. Nouns endin in Y following a consonant form
their plural by dropping Y and adding ies.
baby babies
lady ladies
country countries

42. Nouns endin in Y following a vowel form
their plural by adding s.
boy boys
day days
donkey donkeys

43. Some nouns(twelve) ending f or fe drop the f or fe and add ves.

44. Some nouns(twelve) ending f or fe drop the f or fe and add ves.
wife

45. Some nouns(twelve) ending f or fe drop the f or fe and add ves.
wife wives

46. Some nouns(twelve) ending f or fe drop the f or fe and add ves.
wife wives
wolf

47. Some nouns(twelve) ending f or fe drop the f or fe and add ves.
wife wives
wolf wolves

48. wife wives wolf wolves knife
Some nouns(twelve) ending f or fe drop the f or fe and add ves.
wife wives
wolf wolves
knife

49. wife wives wolf wolves knife knives
Some nouns(twelve) ending f or fe drop the f or fe and add ves.
wife wives
wolf wolves
knife knives

50. wife wives wolf wolves knife knives loaf
Some nouns(twelve) ending f or fe drop the f or fe and add ves.
wife wives
wolf wolves
knife knives
loaf

51. wife wives wolf wolves knife knives loaf loaves
Some nouns(twelve) ending f or fe drop the f or fe and add ves.
wife wives
wolf wolves
knife knives
loaf loaves

52. wife wives wolf wolves knife knives loaf loaves leaf
Some nouns(twelve) ending f or fe drop the f or fe and add ves.
wife wives
wolf wolves
knife knives
loaf loaves
leaf

53. wife wives wolf wolves knife knives loaf loaves leaf leaves
Some nouns(twelve) ending f or fe drop the f or fe and add ves.
wife wives
wolf wolves
knife knives
loaf loaves
leaf leaves

54. wife wives wolf wolves knife knives loaf loaves leaf leaves self
Some nouns(twelve) ending f or fe drop the f or fe and add ves.
wife wives
wolf wolves
knife knives
loaf loaves
leaf leaves
self

55. wife wives wolf wolves knife knives loaf loaves leaf leaves
Some nouns(twelve) ending f or fe drop the f or fe and add ves.
wife wives
wolf wolves
knife knives
loaf loaves
leaf leaves
self selves

56. wife wives wolf wolves knife knives loaf loaves leaf leaves
Some nouns(twelve) ending f or fe drop the f or fe and add ves.
wife wives
wolf wolves
knife knives
loaf loaves
leaf leaves
self selves
shelf

57. wife wives wolf wolves knife knives loaf loaves leaf leaves
Some nouns(twelve) ending f or fe drop the f or fe and add ves.
wife wives
wolf wolves
knife knives
loaf loaves
leaf leaves
self selves
shelf shelves

58. calf half thief life sheaf
Some nouns(twelve) ending f or fe drop the f or fe and add ves.
wife wives
wolf wolves
knife knives
loaf loaves
leaf leaves
self selves
shelf shelves
calf half thief life sheaf

59. Scarf scarfs or scarves
Other words add s in the ordinary way
Handkerchief Handkerchiefs
Cliff Cliffs
Safe safes

60. Collective nouns can take a singular or plural verb:
The jury is considering its verdict.
The jury are considering their verdict.

61. IRREGULAR PLURALS Foot feet Mouse mice Woman women Man men Goose geese
Tooth teeth

63. PRONUNCIATION OF –S,-ES

66. Voiceless sounds are made by pushing air through your mouth; no sound comes from your throat.
Examples of voiceless sounds: "k," "p," “t“,”f”.

67. Voiced sounds come from your throat
Voiced sounds come from your throat. If you touch your neck when you make a voiced sound, you can feel your voice box vibrate. Examples of voiced sounds: “l,“ "v," "n," "b," and all vowel sounds.