1. Personality Disorders Chapter 9

2. General Definition persistent, maladaptive patterns of behavior that are inconsistent with the person’s culture –must be evident in two or more of the following: cognitions emotional responses interpersonal functioning impulse control pattern of behavior is: –inflexible –pervasive –longstanding leads to social and/or occupational problems or distress

3. PD Clusters Cluster A Cluster B Cluster C Flamboyant, excessively dramatic, emotional, or erratic Socially isolated and odd/eccentric Anxious and fearful

4. Avoidant Personality Disorder pattern of social discomfort, fear of negative evaluation, timidity tendency towards social isolation, although desired to be liked very sensitive to criticism – therefore, avoids contact with others Cluster C

5. Paranoid personality disorder inappropriate suspiciousness of others’ motives takes extraordinary precautions to avoid being exploited or injured overly reactive to minor slights or insults may create self-fulfilling prophecy Cluster A

6. Histrionic Personality Disorder pattern of excessive emotionality and attention-seeking behavior self-centered demanding vain dramatic constantly seeking approval emotions are shallow and easily aroused Cluster B

7. Schizoid Personality Disorder pattern of indifference to others diminished range of emotional experience and expression prefer social isolation Cluster A

8. Antisocial Personality Disorder irresponsible behavior beginning by adolescence –symptoms of Conduct Disorder by age of 15 disregard for and violation of others’ rights irritable impulsive aggressive reckless irresponsible Cluster B

9. Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder pattern of perfectionism inflexibility, orderliness, and need for mental/interpersonal control set overly ambitious, unobtainable standards preoccupied with details and rules – often lose sight of main point of activity or project emotionally restricted excessively conscientious moralistic judgmental intolerant of others’ emotionality and imperfection Cluster C

10. Borderline Personality Disorder pattern of instability in mood and interpersonal relationships intense relationships vacillating between unrealistically positive and negative feelings toward each other rapid mood changes identity disturbance (difficulty maintaining sense of self) Cluster B

11. Schizotypal Personality Disorder peculiar patterns of behavior –perceptual and cognitive disturbances (e.g., bizarre fantasies) unusual speech –vague or disjointed unusual, but not actively psychotic or out of touch with reality –e.g., constricted affect or silly and inappropriate Cluster A

12. Narcissistic Personality Disorder pattern of grandiosity exaggerated sense of self-importance preoccupation with own achievement unable to empathize with others Cluster B

13. Dependent Personality Disorder pattern of submissive and clinging behavior anxious and helpless when alone – need others for advice and support –usually find one person to latch onto for support easily hurt by criticism Cluster C

14. Summary