1. S8P5. Students will recognize characteristics of gravity, electricity, and magnetism as major kinds of forces acting in nature.

2. Good Morning!  Come on in and design a cover page to Unit 7: Electricity and Magnetism.  Make colorful and creative!!!

3. Electricity S8P5. Students will recognize characteristics of gravity, electricity, and magnetism as major kinds of forces acting in nature.  EQ: What is electricity?  Answer: (skip 3 lines)

4. Learning Goals  LG2: I will demonstrate the advantages and disadvantages of electricity, describe the difference between series and parallel circuits, and explain magnetic force.  LG3: I will demonstrate the advantages and disadvantages of electricity while connecting to real- world situations, describe the difference between series and parallel circuits, and explain magnetic force.  LG4: I will demonstrate the advantages and disadvantages of electricity while connecting to real- world situations, explain the difference between series and parallel circuits, and explain magnetic force.

5.  Electric charges are from protons which are positive and electrons which are negative.  Atoms become charged by gaining or losing electrons.

6.  Static Electricity – the accumulation of excess electric charges on an object.  Law of Conservation of Charge – electric charges can be transferred from object to object but it cannot be created or destroyed.

7.  Positive and negative charges exert forces on each other. Opposite charges Attract Like charges repel

8. Conductors vs. Insulators  Conductors – material in which electrons move easily. Ex. Metals  Insulators – material in which electrons are not able to move easily Ex. Wood, plastic, rubber.

9.  Electric force – is the attraction or repulsion between electric charges.  Electric field – is a region around a charged object where the object’s electric force is exerted on other charged objects.

11. Charging Objects Charging by conduction – process of transferring charge by touching. Charging by induction – rearrangement of electrons on a neutral object caused by nearby charged objects. Charging by friction – is the transfer of electrons from one uncharged object to another by rubbing.

12. Static Discharge  EQ: What is an example of static discharge?  Answer: (skip 2 lines)

13.  Static electricity – charges build up on an object, but they do not flow continuously.  Static discharge – The loss of static electricity as electric charges transfer from one object to another.

14. When a negatively charged object and a positively charged object are brought together, electrons transfer until both objects have the same charge. Ex. When people shock you

15.  Lightning is a dramatic example of static discharge.  Lightning Foldable!

16. 1. Raindrops and ice crystals collide inside storm clouds creating electrical charges. Lightning Fact: ¼ of lightning is from cloud to ground

17. 2. Electrical charges separate inside the cloud with electrons moving to bottom of the cloud and protons moving to the top. Fact: Thousands of people are struck by lightning every year.

18. 3. Negative charges at the bottom of the cloud force positive charges to build up on the ground forming a large electric field. Fact: Direct lightning kills about 2,000 people each year

19. 4. Step leaders snake down from the cloud while streamers surge up from the ground, then –zap- lightning strikes! Fact: Lightning is roughly 5x’s hotter than the surface of the sun ~ 54,000 F

21. Electricity Timeline  Go ahead and cut out the pictures! Make sure you cut the frames off.  Don’t worry about the names or year. Take up two pages

22. 1752 Benjamin Franklin  He thought that lightning and electricity are the same.  He also created the lightning rod

23. 1800 Alessandro Volta  He invented the electric battery.  This is why we call the unit of electric potential is called the volt.

24. 1820 Hans Oersted  He discovered that electricity and magnetism are linked.  He paved the way for electromagnetism.

25. 1831 Michael Faraday  He invented the electric motor.  He also discovered electromagnetic induction (aka generator)

26. 1866 Georges Leclanche  He invented the first modern electrical batteries and the forerunner of the modern dry cell battery.

27. 1879 Thomas Edison  He did not invent the light bulb; he made improvements to the light bulb that made it last for many hours.

28. Use your timeline to answer the essential question. Should be a good paragraph.  EQ: How can we describe the evolution of electricity?  EQ Answer:

29. Batteries  EQ: hat are batteries made out of?  EQ Answer:

30.  Batteries transform chemical energy into electrical energy.  A chemical reaction (AKA chemical change) is a process in which substances change into new substances.  Volta built the first electric battery by layering zinc, paper soaked in salt water, and silver.

31.  Batteries are made up of two different metals electrodes and electrolytes.  Electrolytes is a substance that conducts electric current. (can be solid or liquid)  Electrodes are immersed in the electrolytes. (always solid)

32.  There are two different types of batteries: wet cell and dry cell.

33.  Wet cell is where the electrolyte is a liquid. (usually salt water) Ex. Car Battery

34.  Dry cell is where the electrolyte is a paste. Battery in a flashlight

35.  Group discussion:  Does it matter where you store your batteries????

36.  Hypothesis: Do you think cold batteries, warm batteries, or room-temperature batteries work better? Why???  Write at least two sentences.

37.  Experiment: We are going to test three different room temperature batteries in remote controlled cars. Blue Car – cold batteries Red Car – warm batteries Yellow Car – room-temp batteries https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PRYYMXH7DUQ

38. Conclusion: Talk in your group and write a conclusion in COMPLETE SENTENCES!!!!