1. S ELECTIVE B REEDING ( ARTIFICIAL S ELECTION )

2. S ELECTIVE B REEDING : D ETAILS Selective breeding involves mating organisms with different “desirable” traits to get offspring with the desirable traits of both parents Selective breeding is used mostly for dogs, cats, other pets, cattle, and crops.

3. S ELECTIVE B REEDING Human-driven process to produce offspring/organisms with specific “desired” traits Common practice in agriculture

4. S ELECTIVE B REEDING E XAMPLE A Tough wild boars mated with friendly meaty pigs give you robust & meaty pigs for your farm. Tough Boar + meaty pig = Superpig

5. S ELECTIVE B REEDING E XAMPLE B Brahman cattle: Good resistance to heat, but poor beef. English shorthorn cattle: Good beef but poor heat resistance. Santa Gertrudis cattle (cross of 2 breeds) RESULT = good beef and resistant to heat! hot weather cow + beefy cow = supercow

6. S ELECTIVE B REEDING : E XAMPLE C Choosing only the best corn plants for seeds results in better crops over a long time. Ancient corn from Peru (~4000 yrs old)

7. S ELECTIVE B REEDING E XAMPLE D X= little red tomato + big green = BIG RED TOMATO

8. R EMEMBER ! Selective breeding crosses (mates) organisms with desirable traits to produce offspring that have the traits from both parents!

9. A DVANTAGES OF S ELECTIVE B REEDING Might get improved organisms Don’t need any special tools or lab Can be performed easily by farmers & breeders

10. D ISADVANTAGES OF S ELECTIVE B REEDING Undesirable traits from both parents may appear in the offspring Disease can accumulate in the population Many issues with certain dog breeds, such as: deaf Dalmatians, boxers with heart disease, labs with hip problems, etc.

11. S ELECTIVE B REEDING