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The Science of Radiation Shielding An introduction to the science of radiation shielding Steven Johnston Ph.D. AIA Chicago Healthcare Knowledge Community 23 rd July 2013
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Plan view of example direct-entry room Linac head Patient Isocenter Door
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Primary X-ray radiation Strong photon radiation coming from the linac head, through the patient towards a primary barrier
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Weak photon radiation coming from the linac head in all directions. Treated as if coming from isocenter. For high energy linacs there is also neutron leakage radiation. Leakage radiation
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Patient scatter radiation Weak photon radiation scattering from patient in all directions.
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Plan view of example brachytherapy room Door Patient Brachytherapy equipment
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Weak photon radiation coming in all directions from the patient during treatment.
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Plan view of an example multi-room proton center Patient Cyclotron Beam-lineEnergy selection Fixed beam room Gantry treatment room Fixed beam room
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The cyclotron and energy selection equipment are strong sources of high energy neutrons. The beam-line, treatment room and patient are weak sources of neutrons. The beam can only be directed into one treatment room at a time.
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Material Effective Photon Shield Effective Neutron Shield VeriShield V-250 VeriShield V-300 Concrete Steel Lead Borated polyethylene Earth
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Concrete (147 lb/cf) V-250 (250 lb/cf) V-300 (300 lb/cf)
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Protected SpaceOccupancy (T) Perpetually occupied areas (e.g. offices), controlled areas1 Treatment/exam rooms1/2 Corridors, staff rooms, lounges1/5 Vault doors1/8 Unattended waiting rooms, restrooms, storage, mechanical1/20 Low-occupancy outdoor areas, rooftops1/40
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Ceiling Earth Turndown Wall Door Wall Ceiling Duct Duct shielding Section Plan Section
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Direct-EntryMaze-entry ProConProCon Faster access to inside the room Patient anxiety with thick door Thinner door required Takes up a lot of space Has smallest room footprint Time spent walking down the maze
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Lead Borated Polyethylene Modular block
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www.veritas-medicalsolutions.com Advancing the Science of Radiation Shielding
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