1. First Aid EFE Veterinary Science

2. Introduction Immediate on-scene assessment and stabilization Not intended to be complete or definitive diagnosis or treatment May include – Assessment – CPCR – Limb stabilization – Wound care – Other (eye/temperature/safety, etc.)

3. Assessment Immediately on arrival: Is it safe to work in this time and place? Is this animal safe for me to handle?

4. If the scene is safe: Is the patient conscious? Breathing? Have a pulse?

5. If conscious, safe to handle? If not, apply improvised muzzle, or use coat/towel/blanket to handle safely.

6. If not breathing, check for pulse. 2 sites to check?

7. Lay dog on right side

8. Not breathing, but HAS pulse Ensure that airway is clear: Finger Sweep Pull tongue rostrally

9. Not breathing but HAS pulse Give 5 quick rescue breaths Hands seal mouth to muzzle (nose and mouth)

10. Re-assess Breathing now? If not, continue rescue breathing Still has a pulse? If no, start chest compressions.

11. If no pulse Start chest compressions!

12. Kneel next to animal facing chest One hand over ribs behind elbow Other hand beneath chest, same area

13. Compress chest 1 inch Elbows softly locked 5 compressions to 1 breath

14. Perform 4 cycles of 5 compressions With 1 breath each

15. Check for pulse You must know if your CPR is working!!!

16. If pulse is present, assess breathing If not breathing, continue rescue breathing at 20-30 breaths per minute

17. After 5 more breaths, recheck breathing

18. If not breathing, continue CPR

19. If dog is both breathing and has pulse Treat for shock: Wrap in towel, blanket, or coat, speak re-assuringly

20. If dog is stable Transport to nearest staffed hospital

21. Improvise stretcher Board, blanket, container (for smaller animals)

22. Other Injuries

23. Proceed ONLY if pet appears stable! Pets do not die from broken bones; they die if they do not have oxygenated blood circulating!

24. Pain or abnormal position of limbs? Be careful: causing pain with this assessment can cause a bite!

25. The object here is stabilization only! Putting the bones back in position will be done later, with the help of x-rays.

26. A thick padded bandage Called a Robert-Jones is used Or the limb can have a temporary splint.

27. Lacerations, abrasions, contusions Only require treatment if severe or if it will be a long time before animal receives treatment

28. For heavy bleeding Apply a thick padded bandage with moderate pressure. Sanitary pads work well!

29. Do not remove bandage Add layers as needed for bleedthrough

30. Do NOT apply creams, ointments Or anything goopy that will be hard to remove for wound cleansing!

31. Do NOT administer ANY medication Except as directed by a veterinarian!

32. Do NOT make diagnoses, suggest Treatment, or predict outcomes! Send them to the vet!!!

33. After providing First Aid Clean up all hazardous materials Wash your hands!