2. Fibers: the raw materials in which fabric is made. They are long, thin and hair-like. Textiles: any product made from fibers.

3. Examples: Cotton (plant) Linen (flax plant) Silk (worm) Wool (animal)

4. Examples: Acrylic Acetate Nylon Olefin Polyester Rayon

5. Fabric Terms Weave: The interlacing of two sets of yarns at right angles Grain: The direction the threads run in a woven fabric Warp: The yarns that run in the lengthwise direction Weft: The filling yarns that run in the crosswise direction Nap: the layer of fiber ends that stand up from the surface of the fabric.

6. Basic Weaves and Finishes

7.  Description: Formed by interlacing yarns one over, one under in regular sequence.  Characteristics: The simplest weave that produces strong, durable fabrics.  Common Fabrics: Cotton calicos, gingham.  Household Uses: Used for sheets, upholstery & curtains.

8.  Description: Formed by “floating” one warp thread over two or three weft threads, then under one. This creates a diagonal wale.  Characteristics: This weave produces a firm, strong fabric.  Common Fabrics: Denim, gabardine, tweed.  Household Uses: Upholstery, comforters, pillows.

9.  Description: Formed by “floating” one warp thread over four or more weft yarns then under one thread. The order of interlacing is staggered so the result is a smooth face with no wales.  Characteristics: The floats give satin fabric its sheen.  Common Fabrics: Silk and satin.  Household Uses: Pillows, sheets, draperies, and tablecloths.

10.  Description: An intricate, variegated weave made by lifting any number of warp threads and any number of weft threads to create a woven pattern in the fabric.  Characteristics: The weaves are created on a Jacquard loom.  Common Fabrics: Brocade, damask, tapestry.  Household Uses: Upholstery, wall hangings, and draperies.

11. Basic Dye Methods

12. Add color to yarns before they are woven into fabrics.

13. Add color to fabric after it is woven

14. Add color to the fiber solution

15. A roller presses the pattern onto the fabric to make it darker on one side.