1. Textiles Fibers, Yarns and Fabrics

2. Textiles  Textile is a broad term referring to any material that can be made into fabric by any method.

3. Fibers  Fibers are hair-like materials, either natural or manufactured, that form the basic element of fabric and other textiles.

4. Natural Fibers  Derived from either plants or animals  Cotton  Plant fiber that is most commonly used  Flax  Plant fiber that is the base component of linen  Wool  Renewable source from sheep  Silk  Comes from worms

5. Man-Made Fibers  All man-made fibers start as long filaments  Regenerated cellulose fibers are derived principally from wood pulp.  Rayon, the first man-made fiber is composed of regenerated cellulose.  Lycoell is a new solvent spun cellulosic fiber produced, like rayon, from wood pulp.  Acetate and triacetate are alternatives to rayon.  Synthetics are chemically produced fibers  Nylon  polyester  acrylic

6. Yarn  Fibers are twisted together to make yarns  Filament yarns are continuous, smoother, shinier and more uniform than spun yarns.  Silk  All man-made fibers  Spun yarns are either natural fibers other than silk or cut man-made fibers.

7. Fabric  Fabric is the material or cloth made from natural or man-made yarns  Fabrics can be made of one type of fiber or a blend of different fibers including man-made and natural

8. Types of Fabric  Woven  made by the interlacement of two sets of warp and weft yarn. At least two sets of yarn is needed to make a woven fabric  Knitted  fabric is made by interloping of one set of yarn is called knitted fabric. At list one or one set of yarn is needed to make a knit fabric  Nonwoven  yarns are bonded or interlocked using mechanical, chemical, thermal, hydro or solvent.

9. Dying Methods  Producer  used for man-made fibers still in the solution  Stock  loose fibers before yarn processing  Yarn  used to dye certain woven patterns before weaving or knitting  Piece  dyeing a piece of fabric after weaving or knitting  Cross  an inexpensive way to achieve two color patterns

10. Printing  Applies design to fabrics using either wet or dry techniques.  Wet: dyestuffs are applied wet for optimum color penetration  Engraved roller printing  Screen printing  Dry: heat transfer or paper printing techniques are used.

11. Types of Dyes  Natural  Organic animal and plant based  Less intense colors  Chemical  Brighter colors  Fade resistant

12. https://www.youtube.co m/watch?v=zuR2x0lorLg Video: Printed Fabric Production