1. Note: Please view in slide show mode Usually found bottom right of screen This power point has animation effects and will not display properly unless viewed in slide mode. If you have any questions please do not hesitate to contact me. Thank you Jeremy Leatinu’u Schools Education Manager Te Tuhi Learning Experiences Outside the Classroom Ph: 09 577 0138 ext 7703 Jeremy@tetuhi.org.nz

2. Welcome Thank you for using this pre-visit resource. We believe this will help strengthen student learning leading up to and during your gallery visit.

3. Changing Climate Image: http://oncirculation.com/the-basics/climate-change/ Te Tuhi Pre-visit lesson 2

4. Welcome to Changing Climate During this lesson we will be exploring…  Changing climate Image: http://oncirculation.com/the-basics/climate-change/ But before we do lets reflect on what we learnt in our last lesson…

5. In our last lesson we learn that climate change  Is about changes happening to our planet and to our plant life, mountain glaciers and sea levels.  Is caused by greenhouse gases trapped in our atmosphere. These gases are caused by driving cars, burning coal and cutting down forests.  Is important because it will have an impact on us all.

6. Let’s start this lesson by learning about “Changing climate”. Image: http://wallpawn.com/

7. Rising sea levels are a concern for many flat and low lying countries, islands and cities. This includes Pacific Islands such as Tuvalu, Marshall Islands, Nauru and Kiribati. Image: http://digipraim.com/627558-kiribati-new-wallpaper.html http://digipraim.com/663255-the-terrific-waters-tuvalu.html 1. Making the oceans warmer, which is expanding water and creating more and therefore raising the sea level each year. 2. Melting glaciers, polar ice caps and ice sheets moving into the ocean are raising the sea level. Greenhouse gases in our atmosphere are raising sea levels by:

8. It is predicated that by 2150 many Pacific islands, in particular Tuvalu, Marshall Islands, Nauru and Kiribati will be partially underwater due to rising sea levels. The impact of rising sea levels on small islands like these, mean people affected will eventually lose their houses, schools, churches, ancestors, their history and places where cultural traditions and practices were born. They will leave all this behind with future generations not experiencing these places and histories first hand. Image: http://digipraim.com/663255-the-terrific-waters-tuvalu.html http://digipraim.com/639262-republic-of-nauru.html http://earthtalk.co.nz/2015/03/women-climate-festivals-drama/ http://www.sashfactor.info/viewtopic.php?f=188&t=12754

9. Climate change is expected to create higher rainfall, resulting in floods for some countries and less rainfall causing droughts for others. Info: https://www.climatechange.govt.nz/physical-impacts-and-adaptation/ https://www.climaterealityproject.org/blog/why-does-climate-change-lead-more-floods-and-droughts Image:http://www.getprepared.org.nz/hazards/drought http://whiskeyforaftershave.com/2011/02/ http://www.predictweather.co.nz/ArticleShow.aspx?ID=452&type=home 1. During the water cycle process, water is evaporating faster due to a warmer climate. More water evaporating in the sky means more snow in a snowfall, more water in a downpour and therefore more flooding. 2. Although there might be more rainfall, this may not happen regularly. This means there are longer periods of sun, no rain, lack of moisture in the soil and therefore causing droughts.

10. The impacts of flooding and droughts can hugely affect us all. This can include loss of human and animal life, destruction of property, crops and wildlife, the spreading of water pollutants, metal and debri, lower levels in reservoirs, lakes and ponds and poor soil quality and more wildfires. Floods impact both individuals and communities and have social, economic and environmental consequesneces. What we must remember is that climate change is affecting all living things on earth. Info: http://drought.unl.edu/DroughtforKids/HowDoesDroughtAffectOurLives/TypesofDroughtImpacts.aspx http://www.chiefscientist.qld.gov.au/publications/understanding-floods/flood-consequences Image: http://serc.carleton.edu/eslabs/drought/7a.html http://www.theguardian.com/environment/2012/oct/18/climate-change-more-droughts http://www.wri.org/blog/2014/04/water-stress-magnifies-drought%E2%80%99s-negative-impacts-throughout-united-states http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/southamerica/brazil/8259939/Brazil-floods-economic-effect-should-not-be-as-severe-as-Australia.html

11. In the last 100 years global temperatures have risen to 0.8 degrees, with most of the rise happening in the last 40 years due to mass production, farming, coal burning and deforestation. Info: http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Features/WorldOfChange/decadaltemp.php Image: http://www.pleasingnews.com/remains-of-ice-age-child-found-in-alaska/587642662/ http://www.worldwildlife.org/threats/deforestation https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Ice_Age http://jedanstepen.org/cena-ugljenika/ A five degree drop was enough to bury a large part of North America under a towering mass of ice 20,000 years ago. 0.8 degrees may not seem like a big temperature rise but in the past, a one to two degree drop was all it took to plunge the earth into the Little Ice Age.

12. sunlight plants animals humans soil With the planet’s climate becoming warmer each year, animals and plant life have begun to shift themselves from their environments to a more suitable place or climate. Info: http://www3.epa.gov/climatechange/kids/impacts/effects/ecosystems.html Image: http://www.wallpaperup.com/30570/sunset_sunrise_sky_clouds.html http://wallpaperswide.com/tropical_reef_fish-wallpapers.html http://sustainablesr.org/food/agricultural-ecosystem/ http://www.worldwildlife.org/species/polar-bear Some plants and animals may need to move further north to cooler locations and higher elevations, or in some cases closer to water or warmer locations. Warmer water and increased ocean acidity has already had an impact on coral reefs, which could see many coral fish and other coral sea creatures disappear. Every plant, animal and sea creature plays a role in their ecosystem but losing one species can affect many others, including humans.

13. Info: The best way we can help change climate change is to burn less fossil fuels. One thing we can do to help this is to walk, bike or take public transport when we travel. The fewer cars on the road the fewer fossil fuels we burn. Reducing emissions (particularly methane, tropospheric ozone, hydrofluorocarbons and black carbon) could possibly prevent the rate of sea level rise by approximately 25 to 50 percent and give better air quality. Other things that will help is less fracking or deep sea drilling, smoke or emissions from industrial places or factories, using chemical solvents and cutting back on anything that creates smoke or soot. Info: http://www.takepart.com/article/2013/04/22/rising-sea-levels-causes-and-solutions Image: http://www.ucsusa.org/clean-vehicles/vehicles-air-pollution-and-human-health#.VoxEgvl94gs http://www.topnews.net.nz/content/24113-children-should-walk-school http://www.radionz.co.nz/news/national/234855/fears-fracking-will-fracture-communities http://jedanstepen.org/cena-ugljenika/

14. Let’s reflect on what we have learnt so far… As we have seen, climate change is caused by specific things, impacting in particular ways and calling us to take action and help in different ways

15. What have we learnt so today? Climate change  Is caused by greenhouse gases trapped in our atmosphere and warming the planet. This is creating warmer oceans, melting polar ice caps causing oceans to rise and causing floods and droughts.  Impacts place, culture, ecosystems, wildlife, animal life and human life. An impact on one species will affect many others, including humans.  Can be improved if we burn less fossil fuels, less fracking, less emissions from factories and cutting back on anything that creates smoke or soot. Image: http://oncirculation.com/the-basics/climate-change/

16. We hope you enjoyed learning about more about climate change and how we can help. In the next lesson Art and climate change we will learn about artists who have responded to climate change through art.

17. Changing Climate End of lesson Image: http://oncirculation.com/the-basics/climate-change/