1. Chapter 10 – Muscle Tissue $100 $200 $300 $400 $500 $100$100$100 $200 $300 $400 $500 Muscle Function Associated Structures Myofibrils What, Why, & Where of Muscles Cardiac or Smooth Muscle FINAL ROUND

2. Muscle Function: $100 Question Which of the following is NOT a major function of skeletal muscle? a. Maintaining body temperature b. Lining hollow organs c. Maintaining posture d. Storing nutrient reserves BACK TO GAME ANSWER

3. Muscle Function: $100 Answer Which of the following is NOT a major function of skeletal muscle? a. Maintaining body temperature b. Lining hollow organs c. Maintaining posture d. Storing nutrient reserves BACK TO GAME

4. Muscle Function: $200 Question Which activity would be more likely to create an oxygen debt: swimming laps or lifting weights? a. swimming laps b. lifting weights c. both A and B d. neither A nor B BACK TO GAME ANSWER

5. Muscle Function: $200 Answer Which activity would be more likely to create an oxygen debt: swimming laps or lifting weights? a. swimming laps b. lifting weights c. both A and B d. neither A nor B BACK TO GAME

6. Muscle Function: $300 Question How would a drug that blocks acetylcholine release affect muscle contraction? a. Contraction would prevented. b. Contraction would be slowed. c. The speed of contraction would increase. d. The strength of contraction would increase. BACK TO GAME ANSWER

7. Muscle Function: $300 Answer How would a drug that blocks acetylcholine release affect muscle contraction? a. Contraction would prevented. b. Contraction would be slowed. c. The speed of contraction would increase. d. The strength of contraction would increase. BACK TO GAME

8. Muscle Function: $400 Question How is it possible for skeletal muscle to contract without shortening? a. Through eccentric contractions, the muscle lengthens b. Through concentric contractions, the muscle does not change length c. Through isometric contraction, the muscle remains the same length d. A and C are correct BACK TO GAME ANSWER

9. Muscle Function: $400 Answer How is it possible for skeletal muscle to contract without shortening? a. Through eccentric contractions, the muscle lengthens b. Through concentric contractions, the muscle does not change length c. Through isometric contraction, the muscle remains the same length d. A and C are correct BACK TO GAME

10. Muscle Function: $500 Question What are the structural and functional distinctions of fast fibers (white muscle fibers)? a. They contract in 0.01 sec, are large in diameter, and use anaerobic metabolism. b. They use aerobic metabolism, have numerous mitochondria, and have high myoglobin. c. They are capable of mitotic division and their contractions use ATP in small amounts. d. They are the least abundant fiber type and use aerobic metabolism. BACK TO GAME ANSWER

11. Muscle Function: $500 Answer What are the structural and functional distinctions of fast fibers (white muscle fibers)? a. They contract in 0.01 sec, are large in diameter, and use anaerobic metabolism. b. They use aerobic metabolism, have numerous mitochondria, and have high myoglobin. c. They are capable of mitotic division and their contractions use ATP in small amounts. d. They are the least abundant fiber type and use aerobic metabolism. BACK TO GAME

12. Associated Structures: $100 Question How would severing the tendon attached to a muscle affect the muscle’s ability to move a body part? a. Uncontrolled movement would result form a severed tendon. b. Movement would be greatly exaggerated with no tendon. c. No movement is possible without a muscle to bone connection, d. Limited movement would result. BACK TO GAME ANSWER

13. Associated Structures: $100 Answer How would severing the tendon attached to a muscle affect the muscle’s ability to move a body part? a. Uncontrolled movement would result form a severed tendon. b. Movement would be greatly exaggerated with no tendon. c. No movement is possible without a muscle to bone connection. d. Limited movement would result. BACK TO GAME

14. Associated Structures: $200 Question Which of these describes the neuromuscular junction? a. The surface containing membrane receptors that bind acetylcholine b. Special intercellular connection between axon branches and a skeletal muscle fiber c. The link between generation of an action potential and the start of muscle contraction d. A propagated change in membrane potential that travels the length of an axon BACK TO GAME ANSWER

15. Associated Structures: $200 Answer Which of these describes the neuromuscular junction? a. The surface containing membrane receptors that bind acetylcholine b. Special intercellular connection between axon branches and a skeletal muscle fiber c. The link between generation of an action potential and the start of muscle contraction d. A propagated change in membrane potential that travels the length of an axon BACK TO GAME

16. Associated Structures: $300 Question How are epimysium, perimysium, and endomysium interrelated? a. All three surround skeletal muscle fibers b. All three contain capillaries and nerves c. All three contain satellite cells that function in the repair of muscle tissue d. All three unite at the ends of skeletal muscles to form tendons BACK TO GAME ANSWER

17. Associated Structures: $300 Answer How are epimysium, perimysium, and endomysium interrelated? a. All three surround skeletal muscle fibers b. All three contain capillaries and nerves c. All three contain satellite cells that function in the repair of muscle tissue d. All three unite at the ends of skeletal muscles to form tendons BACK TO GAME

18. Associated Structures: $400 Question What is excitation-contraction coupling and where does it occur? a. The same rigor mortis / in the SR b. Pivoting of myosin heads / cross-bridges c. The release of Ach / at motor end plates d. The link between generation of an action potential and the start of muscle contraction / at triads BACK TO GAME ANSWER

19. Associated Structures: $400 Answer What is excitation-contraction coupling and where does it occur? a. The same rigor mortis / in the SR b. Pivoting of myosin heads / cross-bridges c. The release of Ach / at motor end plates d. The link between generation of an action potential and the start of muscle contraction / at triads BACK TO GAME

20. Associated Structure: $500 Question What is a motor unit? Why would you need a small motor unit to control movements of the fingers? a. The resting tension in a muscle / so it would not involve muscle fibers of adjoining fingers b. Muscle fibers controlled by a single motor neuron / need precise control c. The addition of one twitch to another / need twitches to cover a large area d. None of these is correct BACK TO GAME ANSWER

21. Associated Structures: $500 Answer What is a motor unit? Why would you need a small motor unit to control movements of the fingers? a. The resting tension in a muscle / so it would not involve muscle fibers of adjoining fingers b. Muscle fibers controlled by a single motor neuron / need precise control c. The addition of one twitch to another / need twitches to cover a large area d. None of these is correct BACK TO GAME

22. Myofibrils: $100 Question Myofibrils are organized into repeating subunits called ___. a. T-Tubules b. Z lines c. Sarcomeres d. Sarcoplasmic reticulum BACK TO GAME ANSWER

23. Myofibrils: $100 Answer Myofibrils are organized into repeating subunits called ___. a. T-Tubules b. Z lines c. Sarcomeres d. Sarcoplasmic reticulum BACK TO GAME

24. Myofibrils: $200 Question Why does skeletal muscle appear striated when viewed through a microscope? a. Z lines and myosin filaments align within the tissue. b. Glycogen reserves are linearly arranged. c. Capillaries regularly intersect the myofibers. d. Actin filaments repel stain, appearing banded. BACK TO GAME ANSWER

25. Myofibrils: $200 Answer Why does skeletal muscle appear striated when viewed through a microscope? a. Z lines and myosin filaments align within the tissue. b. Glycogen reserves are linearly arranged. c. Capillaries regularly intersect the myofibers. d. Actin filaments repel stain, appearing banded. BACK TO GAME

26. Myofibrils: $300 Question The A band is comprised of which of the following subunits? a. I-Band, terminal cisternae, and the Z-line b. M-line, H-Zone, and zone of overlap c. Thin filaments, titin, and the Z-line d. Sarcoplasmic reticulum and T-tubules BACK TO GAME ANSWER

27. Myofibrils: $300 Answer The A band is comprised of which of the following subunits? a. I-Band, terminal cisternae, and the Z-line b. M-line, H-Zone, and zone of overlap c. Thin filaments, titin, and the Z-line d. Sarcoplasmic reticulum and T-tubules BACK TO GAME

28. Myofibrils: $400 Question Where would you expect the greatest concentration of Ca 2+ in resting skeletal muscle to be? a. In T tubules b. Surrounding the mitochondria c. Within sarcomeres d. In cisternae of the sarcoplasmic reticulum BACK TO GAME ANSWER

29. Myofibrils: $400 Answer Where would you expect the greatest concentration of Ca 2+ in resting skeletal muscle to be? a. In T tubules b. Surrounding the mitochondria c. Within sarcomeres d. In cisternae of the sarcoplasmic reticulum BACK TO GAME

30. Myofibrils: $500 Question In what ways does the appearance of a sarcomere change during contraction of a skeletal muscle fiber? a. Zones of overlap get larger; H zone gets wider; A bands shorten b. Titin molecules are relaxed; M line disappears c. Z lines move closer together; I bands and H zones get smaller d. None of these is correct BACK TO GAME ANSWER

31. Myofibrils: $500 Answer In what ways does the appearance of a sarcomere change during contraction of a skeletal muscle fiber? a. Zones of overlap get larger; H zone gets wider; A bands shorten b. Titin molecules are relaxed; M line disappears c. Z lines move closer together; I bands and H zones get smaller d. None of these is correct BACK TO GAME

32. What, Why, & Where of Muscles : $100 Question Which type of muscle fibers would predominate in the large leg muscles of someone who excels at endurance activities, such as cycling and why? a. Fast fibers / because they have large glycogen reserves b. Slow fibers / because they have extensive capillary networks c. Nonvascular fibers / because they use both aerobic and anaerobic metabolism d. Intermediate fibers / because they have more neuromuscular junctions BACK TO GAME ANSWER

33. What, Why, & Where of Muscles: $100 Answer Which type of muscle fibers would predominate in the large leg muscles of someone who excels at endurance activities, such as cycling and why? a. Fast fibers / because they have large glycogen reserves b. Slow fibers / because they have extensive capillary networks c. Nonvascular fibers / because they use both aerobic and anaerobic metabolism d. Intermediate fibers / because they have more neuromuscular junctions BACK TO GAME

34. What, Why, & Where of Muscles: $200 Question What is the mechanism by which ATP is continuously synthesized in muscle cells? a. Through the reaction of ADP with creatine b. Primarily aerobic metabolism in mitochondria c. Primarily glycolysis in the cytoplasm d. B and C are correct BACK TO GAME ANSWER

35. What, Why, & Where of Muscles: $200 Answer What is the mechanism by which ATP is continuously synthesized in muscle cells? a. Through the reaction of ADP with creatine b. Primarily aerobic metabolism in mitochondria c. Primarily glycolysis in the cytoplasm d. B and C are correct BACK TO GAME

36. What, Why, & Where of Muscles: $300 Question Why does a muscle that has been overstretched produce less tension? a. Few cross-bridges form, causing weak contraction b. Cross-bridges cannot be formed c. Actin and myosin cease to be stimulated by acetylcholine d. The increased amount of CA 2+ in the sarcoplasm causes the muscle to relax completely BACK TO GAME ANSWER

37. What, Why, & Where of Muscles: $300 Answer Why does a muscle that has been overstretched produce less tension? a. Few cross-bridges form, causing weak contraction b. Cross-bridges cannot be formed c. Actin and myosin cease to be stimulated by acetylcholine d. The increased amount of CA 2+ in the sarcoplasm causes the muscle to relax completely BACK TO GAME

38. What, Why, & Where of Muscles: $400 Question What would you expect to happen to a resting skeletal muscle if the sarcolemma suddenly became very permeable to Ca 2+ ? a. increased strength of contraction b. decreased cross-bridge c. decreased ability to relax d. both A and C BACK TO GAME ANSWER

39. What, Why, & Where of Muscles: $400 Answer What would you expect to happen to a resting skeletal muscle if the sarcolemma suddenly became very permeable to Ca 2+ ? a. increased strength of contraction b. decreased cross-bridge c. decreased ability to relax d. both A and C BACK TO GAME

40. What, Why, & Where of Muscles: $500 Question Predict what would happen to muscles if a pesticide that inhibits acetylcholinesterase were present at the motor end plate. a. Muscle would lose strength. b. Muscle would be unable to contract. c. Muscle would lock in a state of contraction. d. Muscle would contract repeatedly. BACK TO GAME ANSWER

41. What, Why, & Where of Muscles: $500 Answer Predict what would happen to muscles if a pesticide that inhibits acetylcholinesterase were present at the motor end plate. a. Muscle would lose strength. b. Muscle would be unable to contract. c. Muscle would lock in a state of contraction. d. Muscle would contract repeatedly. BACK TO GAME

42. Cardiac or Smooth Muscle: $100 Question What feature of cardiac muscle tissue allows the heart to act as a functional syncytium? a. striations b. intercalated discs c. gap junctions d. short T tubules without triads BACK TO GAME ANSWER

43. Cardiac or Smooth Muscle: $100 Answer What feature of cardiac muscle tissue allows the heart to act as a functional syncytium? a. striations b. intercalated discs c. gap junctions d. short T tubules without triads BACK TO GAME

44. Cardiac or Smooth Muscle: $200 Question Smooth muscle can contract over a wider range of resting lengths than skeletal muscle can. Why? a. Smooth muscle sarcomeres are longer. b. Actin and myosin filament arrangement is less organized in smooth muscle. c. Smooth muscle cells are shorter. d. Smooth muscle actin is longer. BACK TO GAME ANSWER

45. Cardiac or Smooth Muscle: $200 Answer Smooth muscle can contract over a wider range of resting lengths than skeletal muscle can. Why? a. Smooth muscle sarcomeres are longer. b. Actin and myosin filament arrangement is less organized in smooth muscle. c. Smooth muscle cells are shorter. d. Smooth muscle actin is longer. BACK TO GAME

46. Cardiac or Smooth Muscle: $300 Question What structural characteristics distinguish cardiac muscle tissue from skeletal muscle tissue? Cardiac muscle cells __. a. Are larger and usually have one nucleus b. Have intercalated discs, short T tubules and no triads c. Are dependent on anaerobic metabolism d. Contact each other at tight junctions BACK TO GAME ANSWER

47. Cardiac or Smooth Muscle: $300 Answer What structural characteristics distinguish cardiac muscle tissue from skeletal muscle tissue? Cardiac muscle cells __. a. Are larger and usually have one nucleus b. Have intercalated discs, short T tubules and no triads c. Are dependent on anaerobic metabolism d. Contact each other at tight junctions BACK TO GAME

48. Cardiac or Smooth Muscle: $400 Question Two cardiologist are talking about functional characteristics of cardiac muscle tissue. Which of the following descriptions would they use? a. Special gap junctions, wave summation, contracts without neural stimulation b. Spindle-shaped, non-striated, thick filaments scattered, involuntary c. Ca 2+ from SR, rapid fatigue, functional syncytium d. Cardiologists would not use any of this terminology BACK TO GAME ANSWER

49. Cardiac or Smooth Muscle: $400 Answer Two cardiologist are talking about functional characteristics of cardiac muscle tissue. Which of the following descriptions would they use? a. Special gap junctions, wave summation, contracts without neural stimulation b. Spindle-shaped, non-striated, thick filaments scattered, involuntary c. Ca 2+ from SR, rapid fatigue, functional syncytium d. Cardiologists would not use any of this terminology BACK TO GAME

50. Cardiac or Smooth Muscle: $500 Question Why are cardiac and smooth muscle contractions more affected by changes in extracellular Ca 2+ than are skeletal muscle contractions? a. Extracellular Ca 2+ inhibits actin. b. Cross-bridges are formed extracellularly. c. Most calcium for contractions comes from SR stores. d. Most calcium for contractions comes from extracellular fluid. BACK TO GAME ANSWER

51. Cardiac or Smooth Muscle: $500 Answer Why are cardiac and smooth muscle contractions more affected by changes in extracellular Ca 2+ than are skeletal muscle contractions? a. Extracellular Ca 2+ inhibits actin. b. Cross-bridges are formed extracellularly. c. Most calcium for contractions comes from SR stores. d. Most calcium for contractions comes from extracellular fluid. BACK TO GAME

52. FINAL ROUND Question Why would a sprinter experience muscle fatigue before a marathon runner? a. Marathon running uses ATP for only a short time, while sprinting uses ATP indefinitely. b. Marathon runners muscles depend on stored glycogen, therefore they do not fatigue. c. Sprinting involves anaerobic endurance, whereas running a marathon depends more upon availability of substrates for aerobic respiration. d. None of these is correct. BACK TO GAME ANSWER

53. FINAL ROUND Answer Why would a sprinter experience muscle fatigue before a marathon runner? a. Marathon running uses ATP for only a short time, while sprinting uses ATP indefinitely. b. Marathon runners muscles depend on stored glycogen, therefore they do not fatigue. c. Sprinting involves anaerobic endurance, whereas running a marathon depends more upon availability of substrates for aerobic respiration. d. None of these is correct. BACK TO GAME