1. Beyond Cooking In the Kitchen with P3S Presentation Provided by: Bay Area Pollution Prevention Group 2008

2. 2 Today’s Specials P3S  Pollution Prevention  Pretreatment  Stormwater All items served with: Chef’s Recommendations

3. 3 Environmental Considerations  Solid waste management  Liquid waste management  Water and energy consumption  Wastewater  Sustainable purchasing

4. 4 Pollution Prevention Water pollution is a serious problem! Sacramento Splittail: Suisun Marsh Sanitary Sewer Overflows Stormwater Runoff

5. 5 Chef’s Recommendation  BE AWARE: Reduce, Reuse, Recycle!  Think before you purchase, clean, fertilize, and/or dispose. Conserve and CHOOSE WISELY! Conserve and CHOOSE WISELY!  Share your knowledge with others!

6. 6 Pretreatment  Why pretreatment?  Effects…  Chef’s recommendations to mitigate!

7. 7 Pretreatment Programs Regular Reporting Self-Monitoring Reports Sampling Fees PERMITS —Check with your City; you may need one! Requirements may include: Enforcement Permit

8. 8 Why Pretreatment? FOG!  FATS, OIL and GREASE!! Waste produced by all the different stages of food preparation, cooking and clean up. Waste produced by all the different stages of food preparation, cooking and clean up. Fats are solid at room temperature, oils are liquid at room temperature and grease is a mixture. Fats are solid at room temperature, oils are liquid at room temperature and grease is a mixture. All types of FOG are viscous and can stick to sewer pipes causing blockages and backups. All types of FOG are viscous and can stick to sewer pipes causing blockages and backups.

9. 9 FOG a’ la Carte From food and cooking processes such as:  Meat fats  Lard  Cooking Oil  Shortening  Condiments  Dressings  Butter and margarine  Food scraps  Baking goods  Dairy products  Sauces  Coffee  Deep or stir frying  Preparation and baking

10. 10 Effects of FOG!  Greasy foods cause blockage of the arteries the same way they cause blockages of drain lines.  Over time pipes can decrease in diameter with the build up of FOG and minerals.  The result is a cement like matter that can decrease the area of flow significantly.

11. 11 Effects of FOG continued  Sink drain and sewer back ups.  Sewage spills inside your facility.  Heath concerns when backups and overflows occur.  FOG, if not cleaned properly, is a vector for bacteria build up and disease.  Odors can affect the quality of your products and comfort of customers.

12. 12 Effects of FOG continued  Unplugging sewer lines is prohibitively expensive.  Sewage clean up is just as costly.  Fines associated with health violations can be astronomical.  Loss of customers to Green Businesses.

13. 13 Chef’s Recommendation #1 Traps or Interceptors  Traps or interceptors should be installed to protect sewers from areas that produce FOG. Areas include: food prep sinks, dishwashing sinks, pot washing sinks, mop sinks and mat washing areas Areas include: food prep sinks, dishwashing sinks, pot washing sinks, mop sinks and mat washing areas  Traps allow wastewater flow to be detained long enough for FOG to separate out and float to the top for ease of removal.

14. 14 TRAP CUTS

15. 15  Traps generally do not have a long enough retention time to adequately separate FOG. Need to be designed (sized and manufactured) to handle the amount of FOG expected.  Interceptors are pretreatment devices generally over 750 gallons located outside the facility.  Need to be installed correctly (i.e. level, vented, correct position in waste stream etc.)  Should never receive solids. Routine, often daily, maintenance is needed to ensure that they reduce or prevent blockages. Traps or Interceptors

16. 16 Trap Maintenance  Traps collect solids in the bottom and FOG on the top. Solids must be removed regularly to prevent wastes from becoming acidic and producing odorous gas. Solids must be removed regularly to prevent wastes from becoming acidic and producing odorous gas. FOG must be removed regularly as well to ensure build up does not flow into sewer lines causing backups. FOG must be removed regularly as well to ensure build up does not flow into sewer lines causing backups.

17. 17 Trap cleaning posters available through www.bappg.org

18. 18 Traps or Interceptors  Be cautious of chemicals and additives (including enzymes, soaps, & detergents) that claim to dissolve grease. Some of these additives simply pass grease down pipes where it can clog sewer lines in other areas.  You have a right to know! Refer to MSDS sheets to protect yourself and the environment.

19. 19 Chef’s Recommendation #2 Best Management Practices The most economical way to deal with FOG in food preparation, cooking and cleaning! B M P’s

20. 20 B M P’s  Never hot flush (continuously run hot water) through a grease trap  Keeping the trap as clean as possible will prevent it from becoming a task no one will want to perform  Scrape leftovers into a food waste container prior to washing  Contract with a rendering service for recycling used cooking oil, meat, and/or trap grease

21. 21 B M P’s  Check with your local government solid waste program for local composting facilities or animal farms that will accept non-edible food waste.  NEVER use a garbage disposal unit. Greasy scraps pass through interceptors/ traps and clog sewer lines causing backups. Greasy scraps pass through interceptors/ traps and clog sewer lines causing backups. Greasy waste transferred from landfill to wastewater treatment plants. Greasy waste transferred from landfill to wastewater treatment plants.

22. 22  Used fryer oil is a valuable commodity with potential for reuse as feedstock and fuel  Always pour oil through a screen to capture waste particles prior to placing in tallow bin (stored in secondary containment to prevent accidental spills to the storm drain system) B M P’s

23. 23 Benefits  Waste reduction leads to increased operating efficiency and cost savings. Waste minimization reduces purchasing costs. Waste minimization reduces purchasing costs. Decreased solid waste generation reduces collection and disposal costs. Decreased solid waste generation reduces collection and disposal costs. Reducing electricity and water reduces utility bills. Reducing electricity and water reduces utility bills.

24. 24 Stormwater Biggest Contributor to Water Pollution  Rainwater running off streets, roofs, and parking lots flows into the storm drain system without treatment.  Storm drains transport untreated water to local creeks, ponds, lagoons, the bay, and ocean WITHOUT TREATMENT!

25. 25 Stormwater  Food facilities can be a significant source of stormwater pollution

26. 26 Stormwater Runoff … Tallow bin placed next to a storm- drain that flows directly to San Francisco Bay.

27. 27  BMPs for your business #1 Pavement Cleaning #2 Litter Control #3 Equipment Cleaning #4 Grease Handling #5 Waste Disposal #6 Landscaping #7 Spill Clean-Up #8 Employee Training Chef’s Recommendations

28. 28 Chef’s BMP’s 1 & 2 #1 Pavement Cleaning Sweep or vacuum outside eating areas daily Sweep or vacuum outside eating areas daily Routinely sweep parking lots and unloading areas Routinely sweep parking lots and unloading areas Sweep up leaves on sidewalks, gutters, and streets Sweep up leaves on sidewalks, gutters, and streets #2 Litter Control Provide trash cans with lids Provide trash cans with lids Pick up litter daily Pick up litter daily Post “No Littering” signs Post “No Littering” signs

29. 29 Chef’s BMP’s 3 & 4 #3 Equipment Cleaning Wash floor mats, filters, and garbage cans indoors Wash floor mats, filters, and garbage cans indoors Dispose of washwater into the sanitary sewer Dispose of washwater into the sanitary sewer #4 Grease Handling Recycle and store grease in separate covered containers Recycle and store grease in separate covered containers Regularly inspect and clean grease storage area Regularly inspect and clean grease storage area

30. 30 Chef’s BMP’s 5 & 6 #5 Waste Disposal Dispose of non-FOG liquid waste into sanitary sewer Dispose of non-FOG liquid waste into sanitary sewer Keep dumpster closed and locked Keep dumpster closed and locked Contact waste hauler for cleaning or repair Contact waste hauler for cleaning or repair #6 Landscaping Adjust sprinklers to avoid water runoff Adjust sprinklers to avoid water runoff Minimize use of pesticides and fertilizers Minimize use of pesticides and fertilizers

31. 31 Chef’s BMP’s 7 & 8 #7 Spill Clean-Up Use dry methods for spill clean ups Use dry methods for spill clean ups Keep spill clean-up materials handy Keep spill clean-up materials handy Report any spill that cannot be contained Report any spill that cannot be contained #8 Employee Training Train on stormwater BMPs and spill clean-up Train on stormwater BMPs and spill clean-up Post BMPs around your business Post BMPs around your business

32. 32 Questions?

33. 33 Credits  Donna Allen, City of Burlingame  Catherine Allin, City of Millbrae  …  California Restaurant Association  San Diego Food and Beverage Association  County of San Diego