1. Civil War

2. Secession O December 20, 1860 - South Carolina 1 st southern state to secede O January 9, 1861 – Mississippi secedes O Next day, Florida and within a few weeks, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas all secede.

3. Shaping of the Confederacy O Delegates from the secessionists state gather and form the Confederate States of America, or Confederacy. O Jefferson Davis becomes unanimously elected as President.

4. Lincoln Elected O Southerners viewed the struggle over slavery as a conflict between the states’ right of self-determination and federal government control. O Does not take office until March O President Buchanan announced secession was illegal, but it would be illegal for him to do anything about it.

5. Lincoln’s Dilemma O Confederate solders began taking over federal building in their states-courthouses, post offices, and especially forts. O Only 4 forts remained including Fort Sumter, on an island in Charleston harbor. O Major Anderson writes to Lincoln… Confederacy demanding we surrender or face attack… food and ammunition will only last for six weeks.

6. Lincoln’s Dilemma O Only 4 forts remained including Fort Sumter, on an island in Charleston harbor. O Major Anderson writes to Lincoln… Confederacy demanding we surrender or face attack… food and ammunition will only last for six weeks.

7. Lincoln’s Dilemma 1. Send Navy to reinforce Fort Sumter, could start hostilities between North and South. Result – More slave states secede 2. Order Fort evacuated, Result – recognize Confederacy as a legitimate nation with the right to evict, anger the Republican Party.

8. Lincoln’s Solution O Sent in food for hungry men. Result – Make Jefferson Davis make a choice of war or peace. O Jefferson chose war, at 4:30 AM Confederate soldiers fire on Fort Sumter. O Fort Sumter falls to South Carolina citizens cheering as they watch a fireworks display

9. More Secession O Lincoln calls for 75,000 volunteers to serve for 3 months. O Virginia secedes, can’t fight against the south, terrible loss for the Union O Arkansas, North Carolina, and Tennessee follow.

10. Warm Up O Why was Virginia seceding from the Union devastating to the Union?

11. More Secession O The Western counties of Virginia, antislavery, they seceded from Virginia and admitted into Union as West Virginia. O Four slave states remain in Union: Maryland, Delaware, Kentucky, and Missouri

12. Americans expect a short war North More man power More factories Greater food production More railroads South Cotton –cash First-rate generals Strong military tradition Soldiers highly motivated Advantages

13. Strategy Union Anaconda Plan Blockade Southern Ports Split the Confederacy in two, Mississippi River Capture Richmond, VA Confederate Mostly defensive Attack Invade the North