1. Topic 5

2.  the person is the producer and the product of his or her environment

3.  1. BT is based on the principles and procedures of the scientific method.  2. BT deals with the client’s current problems and the factors influencing them, as opposed to an analysis of possible historical determinants.

4.  3. Clients involved in BT are expected to assume an active role by engaging in specific actions to deal with their problems.  4. BT assumes an approach that change can take place without insight into underlying dynamics.

5.  5. BT focuses on assessing overt and covert behavior directly, identifying the problem, and evaluating changes.  6. Behavioral treatment interventions are individually tailored to specific problems experienced by clients.

6.  General Goal:  To increase personal choice and to create new conditions of learning.  * The client, with the help of the Thist, defines specific treatment goals at the outset of the therapeutic process.  * Goals must be clear, concrete, understood, and agreed on by the client and the Thist.

7.  1. Thist formulates initial treatment goals and designs and implements a treatment plan to accomplish these goals.  2. Thist uses strategies that have research support for use with a particular kind of problem

8.  3. Thist evaluates the success of the change plan by measuring progress toward the goals throughout the duration of the treatment.  4. Thist conduct follow-up assessments to see whether the changes are durable over time.

9.  1. The client engages in behavioral rehearsal with feedback until skills are well-learned and generally receives active homework assignments.  2. Changes clients have in therapy are translated into their daily lives.

10.  3. Clients are motivated to change and are expected to cooperate in carrying out therapeutic activities, both during therapy sessions and in everyday life.  4. If clients are not motivated, they undergo motivated interviewing.

11.  5. Clients are encouraged to experiment for the purpose of enlarging their repertoire of adaptive behavior.  6. Clients are aware when the goals have been meet.

12.  1. BT stress the value of establishing a collaborative working relationship.  2. BT contends that factors such as warmth, empathy, authenticity, permissiveness, and acceptance are necessary, but not sufficient, for behavior change to occur

13.  ABA: Operant conditioning techniques  - use of the following principles: positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, extinction, positive punishment, and negative punishment

14.  Relaxation training and related methods - method of teaching people to cope with stresses produced by daily living.

15.  Systematic desensitization - based on the principle of classical conditioning where clients imagine successively more anxiety-arousing situations at the same time that they engage in a behavior that competes with anxiety.

16.  In vivo exposure - involves client's exposure to the actual anxiety- evoking events rather than simply imagining these situations.

17.  Flooding - consists of intense and prolonged exposure to the actual anxiety-producing stimuli.

18.  Social skills training - deals with an individual's ability to interact effectively with others in various social situations; it is used to correct deficits clients have in interpersonal competencies. (i.e. assertion training)

19.  Self-modification programs and sel-directed behavior - includes self-monitoring, self-reward, self-contracting, stimulus control and self-as- model.

20.  Basic steps in SMPs:  1. Selecting goals  2. Translating goals into target behaviors.  3. Self-monitoring.  4. Working out a plan for change,  5. Evaluating an action plan.

21.  Instructions:  1. Select one behavior that you want to work on.  2. Describe those behaviors so that they can be observed and counted.  3. Identify rewards that will help provide motivation to do well. Utilize a reinforcing-event menu.

22. . (let your partner) Keep track of your behavior and give out reward when the desired behavior is exhibited or met.  5. Write a contract.  6. Collect data.  7. Rewrite the contract if the goal is not achieved.

23.  Effective dates: From 26 August 2009- 2 September2009  We, the undersigned parties, agree to perform the following behaviors:   If Mark will not utter swear words each day then Dr. Phil will allow Mark to watch a movie of his own choice at the University theater.   Bonus:  If Mark expresses what he feels calmly and directly he will be given food when he watches a movie.  Signed ____________________(Mark)  Signed ____________________ (Dr Phil)