1. WORLD GEOGRAPHY EXAM 2 REVIEW

2. Standard of Living Chart Country Per Capita GNP (US dollars) Infant Mortality Rate (per 1,000) Percent of Urban Population Life Expectancy 1 1501751445 2 30001602550 3 14,000137875 4 10,000216571 5 7001553549 6 13,000108676 7 1,110756567  Using the information in the chart above, determine which countries would be considered more developed.  1,3,5  6,4,3  4,3,7 The most densely populated areas of Canada are near the ____________ with the __________. ____________ is the MOST probable reason for the patterns of settlement in Canada. On a population pyramid that is top heavy, the ______________ will have problems in the future. A population pyramid of a country that had recently been in an extended war would have a ___________ percentage of men in the _____-to-______ year old range. People migrate for a variety of reasons. These are usually categorized as push and pull factors. ____________ __________________ is a PUSH factor. Animism is is the worship of _________ and environmental features and is found mainly in many parts of _____________Africa. Innovations that have modified the environment have both _____________ and ______________ effects. The Amazon River and Rainforest and the Andes Mountains in South America have caused MOST cities to be located along the_______________. The graphic above so that it correctly describes positive and negative effects of __________________. The Piney Woods of East Texas is an area of dense woods and forests that gradually gives way to plains areas as you travel west. Transportation can occur by car, train, or air as one moves out of the area. It is an area where the Caddo Indians once thrived living close to lakes and along the few rivers that cross the area. The climate is generally humid due to the impact of location in the Gulf Coastal Plain, but the farther north you go in the Piney Woods, the less humid the weather. The Piney Woods area crosses many counties and includes only a few cities of any size. The Piney Woods is considered a _____________ ________ because it is a spatial area with common ____________, ______________, and ___________. The dominant religion in countries of the Middle East and Northern Africa is Islam. The countries speak different languages or dialects. Some have better access to trade than others. Some are oil-rich nations, but not others. Based on this information we can infer that the Middle East and Northern Africa can be considered together as a ______________ due to common ______________. New information technologies enable _______ devices to work and have impacted transportation in the U.S. ____________ determine the production and distribution of goods in a communist system. As a country's economy develops, it tends to move from ____________ to ____________, which would be much more profitable. If you were going to start a commercial agriculture business, an area with ______________ ________and access to ____________ would be the MOST helpful for its location Pipelines were developed to transport oil when conditions make other forms of transport too difficult. _______________ is a state that uses pipelines. The percentage of the population involved in specific activities determines the level of economic development of a nation. Those economic activities are designated as primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary. In a primary economy much of the population is dependent on use of the land, e.g., farming, mining, fishing, and hunting. In a secondary economy, much of the population is involved in manufacturing. This includes taking any products of the land and creating another product, e.g., grinding grain into flour. A tertiary economy has a large percentage of its population in the services sector. This includes sales, maintenance, and repair work. Finally, quaternary societies have citizens working at computers with information processing. Adapted from Human Geography, R.E. Nelson, et. al. Using the map and reading above, _____________ ____________ has the GREATEST PERCENTAGE of quaternary economic activity. On the map above __________ has the LARGEST primary economic activity. According to the electoral voting map of 2008, above, the MOST political power in the United States has been located in the ___________ and ____________. The difference between democracies and totalitarian systems is that power is divided among ____________in a __________. Today approximately two thirds of all restaurants in San Antonio, Texas, serve primarily Mexican food. In 1960 less than one half of the restaurants served Mexican food. This is an example of how __________ patterns can influence the process of _____________diffusion. Cultural traits can be numerous and varied, but can roughly be divided into three categories. First, sociological traits are those that are involved in interaction between individuals and other members of a group, i.e., family, school, or church. Second, ideological traits are those that are associated with a society’s belief systems. These may include ideas, convictions, faith, or legends, as well as how they are transmitted. Third, technological traits are the tools, skills, and techniques that a society possesses to meet the needs of the members of that group, i.e., food, clothing, housing, defense, or material goods. The traits in the three groups do not always exist in isolation. They can be interrelated and influence each other. Adapted from Human Geography Using the information above, a society's efforts to transmit acceptable behaviors for a culture BEST fit in the _________ ____________ category. WORD BANK US Developing Physical location Climate Border Positive 40 Animals Natural disaster Small Africa Negative 20 Economy Climate Formal region Religion Coast GPS Vegetation Globalization Landforms Region Transportation routes Alaska Governments Cottage industries Resources Commercial industries West Democracy Cultural North America Sociological traits Northeast Africa Citizens Diffusion

3.  Andreas is a country with a large population. It is mainly agrarian, but is trying to develop some industries to process its main export- coffee. Unemployment is a problem, as well as education of its workforce. Establishing a lasting government has not been successful, but it is trying to get a democracy to work.  Using the reading above and your knowledge of social studies, Andreas would be the BEST described as a _____________ economy.  Developed  Developing  Democratic

4.  North America and the countries of Canada, the United States, and Mexico are defined as a single region. Due to colonization and exploration in the 16 th and 17 th centuries, Mexico became a Spanish-speaking country, and America and Canada became English speaking. Due to immigration, several religions are found throughout the region, with Catholicism found in all three countries. All three countries have access to both the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Economic activity is more advanced in the U.S. and Canada, as is the education system.  North America is considered a distinctive region due to its _______________ ____________.  Common Language  Developing Nations  Physical Location

5. The most densely populated areas of Canada are near the ____________ with the US. Economy Border Democracy

6.  ____________ is the MOST probable reason for the patterns of settlement in Canada. Climate Language Religion

7.  On a population pyramid that is top heavy, the ______________ will have problems in the future.  Climate  Economy  Transportation

8.  A population pyramid of a country that had recently been in an extended war would have a ___________ percentage of men in the 20-to-40 year old range.  Larger  Smaller  Equal

9.  People migrate for a variety of reasons. These are usually categorized as push and pull factors. ____________ __________________ is a PUSH factor.  Natural Disaster  Job opportunity  Formal Region

10.  Animism is the worship of _________ and environmental features and is found mainly in many parts of Africa.  Animals  Gods  People

11.  Innovations that have modified the environment have both _____________ and ______________ effects.  Cultural, Theatrical  Positive, Negative  Internal, Negative

12. The Amazon River and Rainforest and the Andes Mountains in South America have caused MOST cities to be located along the_____________ __. Coast Rainforest Mountains

13.  The graphic above correctly describes positive and negative effects of __________________.

14. The Piney Woods of East Texas is an area of dense woods and forests that gradually gives way to plains areas as you travel west. Transportation can occur by car, train, or air as one moves out of the area. It is an area where the Caddo Indians once thrived living close to lakes and along the few rivers that cross the area. The climate is generally humid due to the impact of location in the Gulf Coastal Plain, but the farther north you go in the Piney Woods, the less humid the weather. The Piney Woods area crosses many counties and includes only a few cities of any size. The Piney Woods is considered a _____________ ________ because it is a spatial area with common landforms, climate, and vegetation. Formal Region Functional Region Perceptual Region

15.  The dominant religion in countries of the Middle East and Northern Africa is Islam. The countries speak different languages or dialects. Some have better access to trade than others. Some are oil-rich nations, but not others. Based on this information we can infer that the Middle East and Northern Africa can be considered together as a region due to common ______________.  Language  Resources  Religion

16.  New information technologies enable _______ devices to work and have impacted transportation in the U.S.  GPS  Industrial  Compass

17.  __________ determine the production and distribution of goods in a communist system.  Citizen  Voters  Governments

18.  As a country's economy develops, it tends to move from ____________ to ____________, which would be much more profitable.  Commercial Industries, Cottage Industries  Cottage Industries, Commercial Industries  Technological Industries, Agricultural Industries

19.  If you were going to start a commercial agriculture business, an area with ______________ ________and access to resources would be the MOST helpful for its location  Commercial Industries  Cottage Industries  Transportation Routes

20.  Pipelines were developed to transport oil when conditions make other forms of transport too difficult. __________ _____ is a state that uses pipelines.  Texas  Alaska  Hawaii

21. Economic Activity  The percentage of the population involved in specific activities determines the level of economic development of a nation. Those economic activities are designated as primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary. In a primary economy much of the population is dependent on use of the land, e.g., farming, mining, fishing, and hunting. In a secondary economy, much of the population is involved in manufacturing. This includes taking any products of the land and creating another product, e.g., grinding grain into flour. A tertiary economy has a large percentage of its population in the services sector. This includes sales, maintenance, and repair work. Finally, quaternary societies have citizens working at computers with information processing. Adapted from Human Geography, R.E. Nelson, et. al.

22. Using the map and reading above, _____________ ____________ has the GREATEST PERCENTAGE of quaternary economic activity. North America South America South Africa

23.  On the map above __________ has the LARGEST primary economic activity.  Africa  Asia  Australia

24. According to the electoral voting map of 2008, above, the MOST political power in the United States has been located in the ___________ and ____________. Northwest, West North, Northwest West, Northeast

25.  The difference between democracies and totalitarian systems is that power is divided among ____________in a __________.  Citizens, Dictatorship  Citizens, Democracy  Groups, Political Party

26.  Today approximately two thirds of all restaurants in San Antonio, Texas, serve primarily Mexican food. In 1960 less than one half of the restaurants served Mexican food. This is an example of how __________ patterns can influence the process of _____________.  Diffusion, Cultural  Cultural, Diffusion  Local, Americanization

27. Cultural traits can be numerous and varied, but can roughly be divided into three categories. First, sociological traits are those that are involved in interaction between individuals and other members of a group, i.e., family, school, or church. Second, ideological traits are those that are associated with a society’s belief systems. These may include ideas, convictions, faith, or legends, as well as how they are transmitted. Third, technological traits are the tools, skills, and techniques that a society possesses to meet the needs of the members of that group, i.e., food, clothing, housing, defense, or material goods. The traits in the three groups do not always exist in isolation. They can be interrelated and influence each other. Adapted from Human Geography Using the information above, a society's efforts to transmit acceptable behaviors for a culture BEST fit in the _________ ____________ category. Sociological Traits Ideological Traits Technological Traits