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Jarrett Ch. 16 Imperialism: Europe Reaches Out
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European Imperialism pg. 257
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1. What does imperialism refer to? The political and economic control of one area or country by another.
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2. When did European nations first develop overseas empires? In the 15 th century.
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3. In the 19 th century where did the great European powers acquire vast colonial empires? Africa, Asia and the Pacific.
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The British “Raj” (Reign) In India pg. 258
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4. What did the British build in India in 1853? Railroads/railways
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5. What religion did the British bring to India? Christianity
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6. Why were the British able to control India? Because Indians were divided among themselves. The British had better weapons and used trained Indian soldiers
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7. Who were the “sepoys?” Trained Indian soldiers
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8. How did the British crush the Sepoy Mutiny? The British used “loyal” Indian soldiers.
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9. What change did Britain make to India after the mutiny? They took over formal control of Indian and abolished the East India Company.
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10. What did Queen Victoria become? Empress of India
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11. What impact did British rule have upon India? Government – a single system of law and government, provided jobs and increased educational opportunities Economic - build roads, bridges and railroads, Indian cottage industries hurt by British competition Health - build hospitals, introduced new medicines and provided famine relief Social – Indians treated as inferior to European culture, Indian workers provided inexpensive labor
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Other British Colonies pg. 259
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12. What colony did Britain have on the tip of South Africa? Cape Colony
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13. Where else did Britain have colonies? Canada, Australia, New Zealand and Singapore
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Other European Colonies pg. 259
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14. What colony did France have in North Africa? Algeria
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15. Where did France intervene in the 1860s? Indochina
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16. What colonial possessions remained Spain’s? Philippines, Cuba and Puerto Rico
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The “New Imperialism” pg. 259
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17. When did the “New Imperialism” occur? 1880 to 1900
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18. What did the steamboat make possible in Africa? Made it possible to go upstream, reaching the interior of Africa and other places previously to difficult to reach
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19. What did the telegram make possible in Africa and Asia? Made it possible to communicate with new settlements deep in the interior regions of Africa and Asia
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20. What did railroads allow? Shipping of goods and raw materials to and from their colonies
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21. How did new medicines help? Made it possible to explore the tropics with less risk New medicines, like quinine to treat malaria and antiseptics Better understanding of disease
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22. What advantage did rifles give the European powers? Used to control local people
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23. Why did Britain seize control of Egypt? To protect the Suez Canal, which provided the shortest route from Britain to India
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24. What was the “White Man’s Burden” according to Rudyard Kipling and those like him? The duty of Europeans to spread their culture to areas of Africa and Asia
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25. What were the renewed reasons for imperialism? Technology – steamships, rifles, telegraphs, better medicines Economic motives - raw materials, new markets Political motives - demonstrate power, preserve the balance of power Social motives – Social Darwinism, the theory that some societies were more successful because their cultures were superior, spread Christianity
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