4. 1.Introduce students to a range of texts from different periods, styles and genres 2.Develop in students the ability to engage in close, detailed analysis of individual texts and make relevant connections 3.Develop the students’ powers of expression, both in written and oral communication 4.Encourage students to recognise the importance of the contexts in which texts are written and received 5.Encourage through the study of texts, an appreciation of the different perspectives of people from other cultures, and how these perspectives construct meaning 6.Encourage students to appreciate the formal stylistic and aesthetic qualities of texts 7.Promote in students an enjoyment and lifelong interest in language and literature. 8.Develop in students an understanding of how language, culture and context determine the ways in which meaning is constructed in texts 9.Encourage students to think critically about the different interactions between text, audience and purpose Aims of Language A: Language and Literature

6. Part 1: Language in cultural context In this part of the course students are given the opportunity to explore how language develops in specific cultural contexts, how it impacts on the world, and how language shapes both individual and group identity. Students studying this part of the course should pay particular attention to the role of language in relation to the many areas involved in the construction of meaning and understanding of particular issues in the world. The study of language in cultural context aims to enable students to meet the following learning outcomes. Analyse how audience and purpose affect the structure and content of texts. Areas to be considered: –the use of persuasive language in political speeches –the features of SMS messages –postcolonial re-readings of texts.

7. Analyse the impact of language changes. Points to be considered: –the impact of electronic communication on meaning –the influence of government policy –the emergence of new vocabulary from the language of groups (for example, young people) –the disappearance of vocabulary and of languages themselves. Demonstrate an awareness of how language and meaning are shaped by culture and context. Points to be considered: –the ways in which jargon and professional language are used –the ways in which language affirms identity –the status given to standard and non-standard forms of the language –the status of minority languages in multilingual societies.

9. Quick Quiz 1.How many people speak English as a native language? a.200 millionc. 600 million b.400 milliond. 1 billion+ 2.How many people speak English as an additional language? a.200 millionc. 600 million b.400 milliond. 1 billion+ 3.How many people are learning English today as a foreign language? a.200 millionc. 600 million b.400 milliond. 1 billion+

10. Quick Quiz 1.How many people speak English as a native language? a.200 millionc. 600 million b.400 milliond. 1 billion+ 2.How many people speak English as an additional language? a.200 millionc. 600 million b.400 milliond. 1 billion+ 3.How many people are learning English today as a foreign language? a.200 millionc. 600 million b.400 milliond. 1 billion+

11. Quick Quiz 1.How many people speak English as a native language? a.200 millionc. 600 million b.400 milliond. 1 billion+ 2.How many people speak English as an additional language? a.200 millionc. 600 million b.400 milliond. 1 billion+ 3.How many people are learning English today as a foreign language? a.200 millionc. 600 million b.400 milliond. 1 billion+

12. Quick Quiz 1.How many people speak English as a native language? a.200 millionc. 600 million b.400 milliond. 1 billion+ 2.How many people speak English as an additional language? a.200 millionc. 600 million b.400 milliond. 1 billion+ 3.How many people are learning English today as a foreign language? a.200 millionc. 600 million b.400 milliond. 1 billion+

13. Lingua franca: Global village: Cultural Bias: A language spoken by people who do not share a native language. The way in which people with similar interests are reaching out and making contact with each other, forming networks through various media and a common language. Judging something from another cultural with reference to what is usual in your own culture.

14. MAYDAY -THIS IS TWO-ONE-ONE-TWO-THREE-SIX-NINE-SIX-EIGHT-ZERO MOTOR VESSEL “BIRTE” CALL SIGN DELTA ALPHA MIKE KILO -POSITION SIX TWO DEGREES ONE ONE DECIMAL EIGHT MINUTES NORTH -ZERO ZERO SEVEN DEGREES FOUR FOUR MINUTES EAST -I AM ON FIRE AFTER EXPLOSION -I REQUIRE FIRE FIGHTING ASSISTANCE -SMOKE NOT TOXIC OVER Text 1 Communication from a Dutch transport ship.

15. International Maritime Organisation – International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping. Standard Marine Communication Phrases (SMCP) How does text 1.1 define its speaker? It could be spoken anywhere on the open sea or in a port around the word. Why do you think the English language has become the world’s number one lingua franca?

17. Colonialism: The control of one nation by “transplanted” people of another nation — often a geographically distant nation that has a different culture and dominant racial or ethnic group. Borrowing or loan words: A word adopted from another language and completely or partially naturalised in the second language. For example: – Sushi – Hors d'oeuvre – Taco – Doppelgänger – Basmati (Hindi definition-something with a pleasant aroma)

18. Code switching: The practice of moving back and forth between two languages or between two dialects or registers of the same language. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JzprLDm dRlc (Key and Peele) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JzprLDm dRlc https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kAG39jKi 0lI (One Ronnie) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kAG39jKi 0lI https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vc8tfioO KvU (Catherine Tate) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vc8tfioO KvU

19. In your English note book: Write your own example of where you have heard of or used code switching or borrowing. – 500 words.