1. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Chapter 4 Occupational Health and Safety in Veterinary Hospitals McCurnin’s Clinical Textbook for Veterinary Technicians Power Point Lesson 8 th edition 1

2. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Safety on the Job Can Affect a Veterinary Practice  Personal injury  Hazards  Infectious diseases  Harmful chemicals  Radiation  Animal-induced 2

3. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) 3

4. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Why Is OSHA Important? 4  Enforces federal laws  Helps ensure a safe workplace for American workers  Employers have responsibilities  Safety program  Safety training

5. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Your Safety Rights  Employees have a right to:  Raise safety concerns without fear of reprisal  A safety program/training  Contact OSHA if concerns are not addressed  View medical reports  View OSHA form 300A (summary of work-related injuries and illnesses) 5

6. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Employee Responsibilities  Learn and follow safety rules  Read the OSHA poster  Comply with applicable standards  Wear or use personal protective equipment (PPE)  Report hazardous conditions  Report job-related injury or illness  Seek treatment promptly 6

7. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Leadership’s Rights 7  The right to set rules of conduct or operation  Ample time to correct safety problems  The right to be present during an OSHA inspection (except under court orders)

8. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Leadership’s Responsibilities 8  Provide safe environment with identified hazards  Correct hazards that can be eliminated  Control hazards that cannot be eliminated  Comply with safety/health laws  Establish and enforce safety procedures, including emergency procedures  Provide practice-specific safety training

9. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. General Workplace Hazards  Attire  Dress appropriately for job at hand  Minimal jewelry, if any  Cover the entire foot 9

10. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. General Workplace Hazards 10  Lifting

11. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. General Workplace Hazards  Ergonomic injuries  Clutter  Lack of cleanliness  Ineffective organization 11

12. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Improper Storage 12

13. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Machinery and Equipment  Improper use of machinery or equipment  Wearing loose clothing or hair around machinery with moving parts  Autoclave and steam burns 13

14. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Electricity 14

15. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Fire and Evacuation 15  Store flammable liquids properly  Keep flammable materials 3 feet or more from an ignition source  Keep at least two clear exits  Know your duties in the event of a fire  Locate fire extinguishers and know how to use them  Observe National Fire Protection Association rules

16. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Violence  Barriers 16

17. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Hazardous Chemicals  Most common chemicals used  Cleaning and disinfecting agents  Insecticides and pesticides  Drugs and medications  Sterilization agents  Radiology processing fluids  “Right to know” law  Hazardous materials plan 17

18. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Secondary Container Warning Label 18

19. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Material Safety Data Sheet 19

20. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Precautions in Working with Hazardous Chemicals  Storage—tight-fitting, screw-on lids  Eye-level storage  Mixing and diluting  Spill clean-up  Protective clothing  Special equipment  Eyewash stations 20

21. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Chemical Spill Clean-up 21  Step 1: Keep people and pets away  Step 2: Increase ventilation  Step 3: Put on protective gloves, apron, and protective eyewear if indicated  Step 4: Cover spill with absorbent materials  Step 5: Sweep saturated absorbent materials into dustpan and deposit in plastic trash bag

22. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Chemical Spill Clean-up  Step 6: Seal trash bag, and dispose of it  Step 7: Wash contaminated area thoroughly, and allow area to air-dry  Step 8: Remove protective equipment, and dispose of single-use items  Step 9: Wash hands thoroughly, and change contaminated clothing  Step 10: Replace used materials in spill kit 22

23. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Ethylene Oxide 23  Ethylene oxide (EtO)  Gas sterilization

24. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Formalin  Used for tissue preservation  Human carcinogen 24

25. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Glutaraldehyde  “Cold sterilization” methods 25

26. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Animal-Related Hazards  Training and practice with animal restraint  Capture-restraining equipment  Chemical restraint 26

27. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Noise  Ear protection 27

28. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Bathing, Dipping, and Spraying Areas 28  Personal protection equipment  Eye-level storage  Ventilation  Eyewash station

29. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Zoonotic Diseases 29  Risks of rabies virus exposure  Other common pathogens  Other viruses  Bacteria (e.g., Lyme disease)  Fungi (e.g., ringworm)  Internal parasites  Protozoans  External parasites

30. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Nonzoonotic Diseases 30  Not serious concern to human health  Highly contagious  Examples  Parvoviral enteritis in dogs  Panleukemia in cats  Personal protection equipment  Protective measures

31. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Precautions for Dentistry Operations  Aerosolized microbes  Personal protection equipment 31

32. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Personal Protection Equipment 32

33. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Radiology Concerns 33  Personal protection equipment  Collimation  Individual dosimeter badge  Processing chemicals

34. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Radiology 34

35. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Anesthesia Concerns 35  Proper scavenging system  Proper anesthetic protocols  Check anesthesia machine before each use

36. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Anesthesia Machine Checklist 36

37. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Anesthesia Machine Checklist 37

38. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Anesthesia Machine Checklist 38

39. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Anesthesia Machine Checklist 39

40. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Further Anesthesia Concerns 40  Delaying extubation  Pregnant personnel

41. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Further Anesthesia Concerns 41

42. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Working with Compressed Gases 42

43. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Sharps and Medical Waste 43  Physical trauma  Keep sharps sheathed until use  Do not attempt to recap needle unless necessary

44. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. One-Handed Needle Recapping 44

45. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. One-Handed Needle Recapping 45

46. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. One-Handed Needle Recapping 46

47. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Hazardous Medical Waste 47  Sharps  Medical devices  Animal blood or tissues  Laboratory cultures  Bandages/sponges  Primate material  Animal waste

48. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Hazardous Drugs 48  All medicines are chemicals  Cytotoxic drugs  Handling drugs  Biological safety cabinet  Handling patient’s body  Handling patient’s wastes

49. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. QUESTIONS? 49