1. Agenda Item: 1.3 Title: “to review and revise Resolution 646 (Rev.WRC ‑ 12) for broadband public protection and disaster relief (PPDR), in accordance with Resolution 648 (WRC ‑ 12)” ITU-R Responsible Group: WP 5A

2. WRC 2003 adopted Res. 646  Resolution 646 WRC-03 public protection and disaster relief (PPDR)  RESOLUTION 648 (WRC-12) Studies to support broadband public protection and disaster relief ( B-PPDR)

3. What is PPDR?

4. 4 December 2013 Dr Alexander Grous Centre for Economic Performance London School of Economics and Political Science ALLOCATING SPECTRUM TO PUBLIC SAFETY HAS GREAT BENEFITS DEDICATED BB PPDR ALLOCATION AUCTIONED TO COMMERCIAL LTE SERVICE PUBLIC SAFETY BROADBAND SPECTRUM STUDIES LSE- Socioeconomic Value of Mission Critical Mobile Applications for Public Safety in the EU: 2x10MHz in 700MHz in 10 European Countries

5.  Recognized that the focus in 2003 was to identify spectrum bands for mission critical voice and relatively low-speed data for PPDR agencies – not broadband.  Since then, there has been a significant growth in smart phone use and broadband applications, including real-time, high quality, video and other applications.  LTE technology had already been adopted by the U.S. and broadband spectrum allocated for public safety.  It had been more than eight years since WRC adopted Resolution 646. The WRC concluded that the time was right for review of this resolution  Affords the opportunity to identify and analyze PPDR broadband requirements and identify potential spectrum bands for PPDR broadband for WRC – 2015. Need for real-time multimedia Misuse of Social Networks Need for Situational Awareness Increased severity of Incidents and disasters 5 WRC-2012 approved a new agenda for PPDR

6.  The focus in 2003 when ITU adopted Resolution 646 was to identify bands for mission critical voice and data for PPDR agencies. The broadband applications particularly video were thought to be relevant only for hot spot coverage  Over last few years, many broadband technologies, particularly IMT based technologies such as LTE are being customized to meet the needs of Public safety agencies  Video surveillance and usage by the PPDR agencies has become crucial to saving lives.  It has been eight years since WRC adopted the last PPDR Resolution – Resolution 646. The time is right for review of this resolution 6 Need for Review of Resolution 646

7. ITU ACTIVITIES ON PPDR Identification of spectrum bands Further Studies by ITU-R Regional Harmonization Res. 647 (WRC- 2007) Rec. M.2015 Rec. M.1826 Agenda Item 1.3 IDENTIFY BANDS CPM Text IDENTIFY BANDS CPM Text Revise M.2033

8. Resolution Identified Regionally harmonized frequency bands 380-470 MHz as the frequency range with 380-385/ 390-395 MHz as core PPDR Band 406.1-430 MHz, 440-470 MHz, 806-824/851-869 MHz, 4 940-4 990, 5 850-5 925 MHz Footnote for some countries 380-400 MHz 746-806 MHz ITU Region 1 (EMEA) Region 3 (Asia /Australia) 746-806 MHz, 806-869 MHz, 4940-4 990 MHz Further Studies by ITU-R Cross Border movement WRC 2003 Res. 646 vs. Res. 646 WRC-15! Add B-PPDR: 700MHz / 800MHz? Add B-PPDR: 700MHz / 800MHz? Add B-PPDR in 800/700 BC 26/27 or BC28! Add B-PPDR in 800/700 BC 26/27 or BC28! +B-PPDR in 700MHz BC 14 or BC 28 ! +B-PPDR in 700MHz BC 14 or BC 28 ! New Harmonized bands for Broadband PPDR for WRC15?

9. Organization of the work in WP 5A 9 Technical & Operational Requirements Spectrum Needed for Broadband PPDR Frequency Bands Identification Conference Preparatory Meeting(CPM) Text Studies Needed under Agenda 1.3

10. Summary of Relevant ITU SG/WP Progress As of May 2014 SWG AI1.3 CPM Text –Draft CPM Text completed in May 2014. [232] Annex 6 to Working Party 5A Chairman's Report - Draft CPM text for WRC-15 agenda item 1.3 (http://www.itu.int/md/R12-WP5A-C-0543/en Annex 06)http://www.itu.int/md/R12-WP5A-C-0543/en SWG PPDR Report Working document toward a preliminary draft new Report ITU-R M.[PPDR] "Public protection and disaster relief communications“ http://www.itu.int/md/R12-WP5A-C-0543/enhttp://www.itu.int/md/R12-WP5A-C-0543/en Annex 15” Revision of Recommendations M.2009 and M.2015 Working document toward a preliminary draft revision of Recommendation ITU-R M.2015 - Frequency arrangements for public protection and disaster relief Radiocommunication systems in UHF bands in accordance with Resolution 646 (Rev.WRC-12) Preliminary draft revision of Recommendation ITU-R M.2009 “Radio interface standards for use by public protection and disaster relief operations in some parts of the UHF band in accordance with Resolution 646 (Rev.WRC-12)” http://www.itu.int/md/R12-WP5A-C-0543/enhttp://www.itu.int/md/R12-WP5A-C-0543/en (Annex 14 & Annex 13) 10

11. Development of a draft Report on NB/WB & BB PPDR The main activity is the development of a draft Report on narrowband/wideband/broadband (NB/WB/BB) PPDR with the view to suppress Report ITU-R M.2033 –This draft Report includes sections on the technical and operational issues relating to broadband PPDR, which ITU-R was invited to study under Res. 648 (WRC-12). Working document http://www.itu.int/md/R12- WP5A-C-0543/en Annex 15http://www.itu.int/md/R12- WP5A-C-0543/en –Creation of Correspondence Group to work on section for narrowband and wideband land mobile system (https://extranet.itu.int/rsg-meetings/sg5/wp5a/cg- ppdr-report-n-w/ )https://extranet.itu.int/rsg-meetings/sg5/wp5a/cg- ppdr-report-n-w/ 11

12. Working party 5D Activities on B-PPDR 12 WP5D /SWG on BB PPDR completed work in Nov 2012 and SG5 Approved in Dec 2012 COMPLETED ITU R Report M. 2291 addressing LTE/IMT suitability for Broadband PPDR requirements

13. CPM: Methods to satisfy the agenda item For WRC-15 agenda on PPDR, the proposal to be considered are being documented in a report called the CPM Report The CPM report will be considered in the CPM meeting in early 2015 and will become the official brief for the WRC. The current draft approved at the meeting last month includes: – Method A: Only editorial updating to Resolution 646 (Rev.WRC-12) – Method B: Modify Resolution 646 (Rev.WRC-12) to include all the necessary bands for broadband PPDR – Method C: Modify Resolution 646 but remove any reference to frequencies in resolves or recognizing and place them in new recommendation by non binding reference ITU R M report 2015 13

14. Disadvantages of Method A  This method will not fulfill the objective of Resolution 648 (WRC-12), which recognized that it is timely “to consider the future direction of spectrum needs of public safety and disaster management agencies” and called on WRC-15 to “take appropriate action with regard to revision of Resolution 646 (Rev.WRC-12)”  There will be no guidance to administrations and manufacturers to encourage regional/ international harmonization of frequency ranges for wide area mobile broadband PPDR.  Additional regionally harmonized frequency ranges/bands for broadband PPDR will not be included for Region 1 and Region 3 in resolves 2 of Resolution 646 (Rev.WRC-12). In addition, invites ITU-R 2 of Resolution 646 (Rev.WRC-12) specifically calls on ITU-R “to conduct further appropriate technical studies in support of possible additional identification of other frequency ranges to meet the particular needs of certain countries in Region 1”. Such identification will not be done unless Resolution 646 (Rev.WRC-12) is suitably modified as called for in Resolution 648 (WRC-12). In particular in Region 3, the band 746-806 MHz is included for some countries but this part of the APT 700 MHz band (698-806) is not part of the harmonized frequency range. [ http://www.itu.int/md/R12-WP5A-C-0543/en] Annex 06 http://www.itu.int/md/R12-WP5A-C-0543/en

15. Disadvantages of Method C  Resolution 648 (WRC-12) only calls for revision of Resolution 646 (Rev.WRC-12)to meet the needs of broadband PPDR. There is no provision in this agenda item for changing the bands/ranges for narrow band/wideband already identified in Resolution 646 (Rev.WRC-12). Any change to the bands/ranges contained in resolves 2 of Resolution 646 (Rev.WRC-12) for PPDR applications other than broadband is outside the scope of agenda item 1.3 (WRC-15).  This method removes the guidance to ITU-R working parties as to which frequency bands/ranges should be used to develop frequency arrangements for PPDR. It will result in the introduction of non- harmonized bands/ranges for PPDR and defeat the purpose of Resolution 646 (Rev.WRC-12). It isolates into a single study group important decisions on spectrum usage that would affect spectrum bands and users across multiple radiocommunication services. It could lead to identification of additional preferred frequency ranges without appropriate technical studies, creating the potential for harmful interference situations to and from PPDR operations worldwide through global circulation of equipment. [ http://www.itu.int/md/R12-WP5A-C-0543/en] Annex 06 http://www.itu.int/md/R12-WP5A-C-0543/en

16. Disadvantages of Method C  Removal of the listed spectrum ranges from resolves 2 of Resolution 646 (Rev.WRC 12) would raise the potential for more frequent changes in identified spectrum ranges, leading to uncertainty for PPDR equipment manufacturers, PPDR system operators and incumbent spectrum users across multiple spectrum bands.  This method will remove the stability of the bands/ranges identified for PPDR as revisions to ITU-R Recommendations can be made anytime. This will discourage investment in the development of PPDR equipment for meeting the needs of PPDR agencies. This method is un-implementable as ITU-R working parties, on their own and without guidance from the Radio Regulations, cannot decide which band to develop frequency arrangements for broadband PPDR. This will therefore defeat the whole purpose of Resolution 646 (Rev.WRC- 12). [ http://www.itu.int/md/R12-WP5A-C-0543/en] Annex 06 http://www.itu.int/md/R12-WP5A-C-0543/en

17. Advantages of Method B  This method satisfies agenda item 1.3 and the resolves part of Resolution 648(WRC- 12) to review and revise Resolution 646 (Rev.WRC-12) for broadband public protection and disaster relief (PPDR). The method can also fulfill invites ITU-R 2 of Resolution 646 (Rev.WRC-12) that specifically calls on ITU-R “to conduct further appropriate technical studies in support of possible additional identification of other frequency ranges to meet the particular needs of certain countries in Region 1”. Such identification can be done under this method by suitable modification of Resolution 646 (Rev.WRC-12) as called for in Resolution 648 (WRC-12).  This method can facilitate regional harmonization of frequency bands/ranges for broadband PPDR by identifying frequency bands/ranges that are suitable for the deployment of mobile broadband PPDR systems. As indicated in section 1/1.3/4, various studies in section 1/1.3/3, in particular ECC Report 199, APT/AWG/Report 38 and Report ITU-R M.[PPDR] indicate a strong need for harmonized spectrum to meet the needs of PPDR agencies.  This method facilitates, through harmonized frequency bands/ ranges, the development of economies of scale for broadband PPDR equipment; and this will address the needs of developing countries for cost-effective PPDR equipment. Studies indicate that adoption of common technology, technical features and functional capabilities, as well as harmonized spectrum arrangements, can maximize the potential for regional cooperation and cross-border inter-working and lead to greater market scale to the benefit of PPDR agencies and increase the safety and security of the public. [ http://www.itu.int/md/R12-WP5A-C-0543/en] Annex 06 http://www.itu.int/md/R12-WP5A-C-0543/en

18. CPM Method B for Region I  Method B: Modify Resolution 646 (Rev.WRC- 12) to include all the necessary bands for broadband PPDR for Region I  Option 1 to add under resolves 2  “The frequency range 694-790 MHz is a preferred harmonized range for broadband public protection and disaster relief solutions in some countries in Region 1”  Option 2  the band 698-713 MHz/753-768 MHz within the frequency range 694-790 MHz and the band 791-801 / 832-842 MHz within the frequency range 790-862 MHz are the preferred bands for broadband PPDR within certain countries of Region 1 which have given their agreement; [ http://www.itu.int/md/R12-WP5A-C-0543/en] Annex 06http://www.itu.int/md/R12-WP5A-C-0543/en

19. Preliminary SA Position  Support Method B and encourage identification of Spectrum for B-PPDR  Seek harmonized band or range for PPDR implementation for Africa & Region I  Balance between commercial and dedicated PPDR spectrum requests at national level  To allow flexibility by selecting as Africa states have different arrangements than CEPT for both 800/850 MHz  Propose common position for Africa based on identification of a frequency range under Method B Proposal 1 new Option 3 to include range either 700(694-790MHz) or 800/850MHz i.e. Add the Range 694-889MHz from within which B-PPDR is allocated

20. Scenarios for Arrangements in 700MHz for both Commercial and B-PPDR 703713733758768788791 PPDR IMT Main "A5" 10MHz IMT "A5" UL 20MHz PPDR IMT 10MHz IMT 20MHz 698703733753758768788 PPDR Expansi on eg. 5MHz PPDR IMT Main "A5" 10MHz IMT "A5" UL 20MHz PPDR Expansi on eg. 5MHz PPDR IMT 10MHz IMT 20MHz 698703708733736753763788791 PPDR IMT Main 10MHz IMT "A5" 25MHz PPDR Expa nsion 3MH z PPDR IMT 10MHz IMT 25MHz PPDR Expa nsion 3MH z

21. Scenarios for Frequency Arrangements for IMT Commercial and B-PPDR 694 703MHz 733MHz 758MHz 788MHz 791MHz 821MHz 832MHz 862MHz 694 703MHz 748MHz 758MHz 788MHz 803MHz 821MHz 844MHz 862MHz 880MHz915MHz 803 694 703MHz 748MHz 758MHz 788MHz 803MHz 824 834MHz 869MHz 806MHz 851MHz 879MHz B27 BC 28 BC26/5 PPDR BC 8 880MHz915MHz 925MHz960 OR 880MHz 915MHz 935MHz960 PPDR

22. Conclusion

23. SUPPLIMANTARY SLIDES  BACKGROUND SLIDES ON PPDR

24. SUPPLIMANTARY SLIDES  List of bands considered in different regions  Studies on Spectrum requirements  Socio Economic value of allocating Spectrum to B- PPDR

25. BANDS LIKELY TO CONSIDER FOR PPDR BB 700 MHz US (BC 14) USA/CANADA/CARIBBEANs ISLANDS 700 MHz APT (BC 28) CENTRAL/LATIN AMERICA PARTS OF ASIA 700 MHz DD2 (within 694-791 MHz) EUROPE/MIDDLE EAST 800 MHz (BC 26 or BC 27) ASIA, LATIN AMERICA 800 MHz (BC 20) MIDDLE EAST 1.4 GHz (TDD) CHINA 2.3 GHz (TDD, BC40) MIDDLE EAST, INDIA LIKELY PPDR BROADBAND ALLOCATIONS

26. REGION III – Preferred Frequency band for B-PPDR APT Preliminary Views: APT Members support revision of Resolution 646 (Rev.WRC-12) for regional harmonisation of frequency bands/ranges for future deployment of broadband PPDR. Different amounts of available spectrum may be used within bands included in revised Resolution 646 by APT Members depending on their national circumstances. This will provide flexibility to decide the amount of spectrum and the frequency arrangement that best meets their overall national broadband PPDR requirements. 5. Other Views Some APT Members are of the view that the band 806-824/851-869 MHz (or parts thereof), which is included in Resolution 646 (WRC-12), should be the regionally harmonised band for broadband PPDR use in Region 3. Some APT Members also support other frequency bands than 806-824/851-869 MHz in the revision of the Resolution 646 in the draft CPM text.

27. “…10 MHz D Block plausibly provides at least $3.4 billion more in social benefits if assigned to public safety rather than to commercial use” Main points $3.4B more in social benefits if additional 5+5 MHz is assigned to public safety Auctioning the D Block adds, rather than relieves, stress to the public budget Benefits mainly attributable to opportunity to create a contiguous 20 MHz block of spectrum, and this opportunity only exists for public safety Loss in auction revenues today more than offset by $2B-$6B gain in auction revenues in the future and $4B in lower public safety network deployment costs Applying public safety obligations on commercial spectrum more costly than the assignment of spectrum to public safety D Block auction revenue unlikely to exceed $2B a non-profit 501 (c)(3) organizationwww.phoenix-center.org About the authors Lawrence J. Spiwak, J.D., President, Phoenix Center For Advanced Legal & Economic Public Policy Studies Previously, Mr. Spiwak was a Senior Attorney with the Competition Division in the FCC’s Office of General Counsel from 1994-1998 George S. Ford, PhD, Chief Economist, Phoenix Center For Advanced Legal & Economic Public Policy Studies Previously, Mr. Ford was a Economist with the Competitive Division in the FCC’s Office of General Counsel & Cable Bureau from 1994-1996 27 PUBLIC SAFETY BROADBAND SPECTRUM STUDIES Phoenix Center Policy Bulletin No. 26 - D Block

28. PAGE 28 Taken From: Wik CONSULT

29. “The results show that the amount of bandwidth required to satisfy the needs of public safety is greater than 20 megahertz in the near- to mid- term, and likely to also exceed 20 megahertz in the long term, despite advances in technology. ” Main points Channelization of the Canadian 700MHz band is under study by Industry Canada; the impetus for this assessment was Industry Canada’s call for consultation, SMSE-018-10 Global demand for mobile broadband data is experiencing exponential growth in the commercial space fueled primarily by the continued deployment of laptop and netbook computers, and smartphones It is expected that tactical video will play an increasingly important role to enhance situational awareness Limiting public safety to 10 MHz (5+5 MHz) will require significant reduction in public safety broadband requirements, including a 50% reduction in video data rate and quality, and limiting simultaneous data users to 1 in 20 instead of 1 in 4 Even 20 MHz (10+10 MHz) is insufficient bandwidth to support the needs of public safety in the 10-15 year horizon LMR will remain the key voice communications tool for the foreseeable future About the study Report title, “700MHz Spectrum Requirements for Canadian Public Safety Interoperable Mobile Broadband Data Communications”. Report attached to Public Safety Canada’s filing to Industry Canada’s consultation, SMSE-018-10 Capacity model developed using Long Term Evolution (LTE) and public safety data demands for recurring emergency situations modeled with active participation from Canadian public safety stakeholders Three incident scenarios selected as case studies for public safety stakeholders to develop incident-response profiles establishing how many resources and assets are assigned to each incident, and what applications are used during each incident. Incidents chosen as case studies represent major but commonly re-occurring events The data throughput for each application was derived from empirical studies conducted by public safety agencies, support organizations, and research labs www.publicsafety.gc.ca www.drdc-rddc.gc.ca 29 PUBLIC SAFETY BROADBAND SPECTRUM STUDIES Defense Research & Development Canada – Feb. 2011Report

30. Country Opportunity cost (20 MHz) Annual losses per capita Australia $33$299 China $9$54 Indonesia $2$505 Malaysia $6$269 New Zealand $20$280 Singapore $19$36 South Korea $13$182 Thailand $7$345 Opportunity Cost of per capita 20 MHz Spectrum in 700/800 MHz Vs per capita PPDR Costs in 8 Asian countries 30

31. Recommendations and Reports for which consequential changes may be required based on results of technical studies Recommendation ITU-R M.1637: “Global cross-border circulation of Radiocommunication equipment in emergency and disaster relief situations” (2006)ITU-R M.1637 The document is designed “to facilitate the global circulation of Radiocommunication equipment to be used in emergency and disaster relief situations”. 1)References Resolution 646 (Rev.WRC-12); therefore relevant to WRC-15 Agenda item 1.3. Recommendation ITU-R M.1826: “Harmonized frequency channel plan for broadband public protection and disaster relief operations at 4 940-4 990 MHz in Regions 2 and 3” (2007)ITU-R M.1826: The document “addresses harmonized frequency channel plans in the band 4 940 ‑ 4 990 MHz for broadband public protection and disaster relief Radiocommunication in Regions 2 and 3” 1)Relevant to WRC-15 Agenda item 1.3, appears to address broadband already. 2)Suggest no further revision needed under WRC-15 Agenda item 1.3; possible further review based on technical studies developed to support CPM text. Recommendation ITU-R F.1105: “Fixed wireless systems for disaster mitigation and relief operations” (2006)ITU-R F.1105 This document “provides characteristics of fixed wireless systems used for disaster mitigation and relief operations” 1)Not relevant to WRC-15 Agenda item 1.3. 2)Possible revision to address broadband characteristics based on technical studies developed to support CPM text. 3)Revision complete and submitted to SG 5 for consideration. ITU RELATED STUDIES TO PPDR ( 1 of 2)

32. Recommendations and Reports relevant to WRC-15 Agenda item 1.3 Report ITU-R M.2033: “Radiocommunication objectives and requirements for public protection and disaster relief” (2003)M.2033 This document “identifies objectives, applications, requirements, a methodology for spectrum calculations, spectrum requirements and solutions for interoperability” 1)Relevant to WRC-15 Agenda item 1.3. 2)Propose review and revision to further address broadband requirements. 3)Decision taken to develop a new Report on narrowband, wideband, and broadband PPDR with a view to suppress Report ITU-R M.2033 upon completion of the new Report. Recommendation ITU-R M.2009: “Radio interface standards for use by public protection and disaster relief operations in some parts of the UHF band in accordance with Resolution 646 (WRC ‑ 03)” (2012)ITU-R M.2009 1)Relevant to WRC-15 Agenda item 1.3. 2)Already under revision. Recommendation ITU-R M.2015: “Frequency arrangements for public protection and disaster relief Radiocommunication systems in UHF bands in accordance with Resolution 646 (Rev.WRC ‑ 12)” (2012)ITU-R M.2015 1)Relevant to WRC-15 Agenda item 1.3. 2)Already under revision. Report ITU-R M.2014: “Digital land mobile systems for dispatch traffic” (2012)M.2014 1)Not relevant to WRC-15 Agenda item 1.3. 2)Revision complete and submitted to SG 5 for consideration. 3) Completed. ITU RELATED STUDIES TO PPDR ( 2 of 2)